Fig. 4.

The cVLPs induced bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) sIgA secretion and splenic T cell proliferation. BALF was collected 2 weeks after boost and examined for NDV (A) and H9N2 (B) specific sIgA antibody level through ELISA. CD3 + CD4 + cells (C) and CD3 + CD8 + cells (D) cell percentage in spleen was determined through flow cytometry. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001) and a P value greater than 0.05 means no significant difference (ns). All results are representative of at least six repeated experiments. Error bars indicate standard deviation (SD). “#” represents significant differences between PBS group and other groups.