Table 2.
List of some approved monoclonal antibodies for clinical applications
| FDA | Antibody | Commercial name | Target antigen | Clinical application |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Murine | ||||
| 1996 | Arcitumomab | CEA-scan Murine-(99mTc) | CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) | Diagnostic imaging of colorectal cancers |
| 2014 | Blinatumomab | Blincyto | CD19 | B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
| 1996 | Capromab pendetide | ProstaScint Murine-(111In) | PSMA (prostate specific membrane antigen) | Detection of prostate tumor |
| 2004 | Fanolesomab | NeutroSpec Murine-(99mTc) | CD15 | Diagnosis of appendicitis |
| 2002 | Ibritumomab tiuxetan | Zevalin Murine-(90Y) | CD20 | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma therapy |
| 1996 | Imciromab-Pentetate | Myoscint Murine-(111In) | Heart myosin | Cardiac imaging |
| 1986 | Muromonab-CD3 | OKT3 Murine | CD3 | Prevention of rejection of kidney, heart and liver allografts. No longer in production. |
| 1996 | Nofetumomab merpentan | Verluma Murine Fab—(99mTc) | CAA (carcinoma-associated antigen) | Diagnosis of several cancers (lung, gastrointestinal, breast, ovary, pancreas, etc.) |
| 1992 | Satumomab pendetide | OncoScint Murine-(111In) | TAG-72 | Ovarian and colorectal cancer diagnosis (radioimaging) |
| 2003 | Tositumomab/Iodine 131 Tositumomab | Murine-(131I) | CD20 | Non-Hodgkin follicular lymphoma |
| Chimeric | ||||
| 1994 | Abciximab | ReoPro | Platelet glycoprotein | High-risk angioplasty |
| 1998 | Basiliximab | Simulect | CD25 | Immunosuppressant agent to prevent rejection in organ transplantation |
| 2011 | Brentuximab vedotin | Adcetris | CD30 + drug | Anaplastic and cutaneous large cell lymphomas; Hodgkin lymphoma |
| 2005 | Catumaxomab | Proxinium | EpCAM | Malignant ascites with EpCAM-positive carcinomas |
| 2004 | Cetuximab | Erbitux | EGFR | Colorectal, head and neck cancer |
| 2015 | Dinutuximab, Dinutuximab beta | Unituxin/Isquette | GD2 | Neuroblastoma |
| 1998 | Infliximab | Remicade | TNF-α | Psoriasis, Crohn’s disease, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. |
| 2016 | Infliximab | Inflectra and other biosimilars | TNF -α | Psoriasis, Crohn’s disease, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. |
| 2016 | Obiltoxaximab | Anthim | B. anthracis toxin | Bacillus anthracis toxin |
| 1997 | Rituximab | Rituxan, and other biosimilars | CD20 | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and others |
| 2014 | Siltuximab | Sylvant | IL-6 | Multiple myeloma and other tumors |
| Humanized | ||||
| 2001 | Alemtuzumab | Campath | CD52 | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple sclerosis. |
| 2016 | Atezolizumab | Tecentriq | PD-L1 | Urothelial carcinoma, small cell lung cancer, triple-negative breast cancer |
| 2010 | Atlizumab or tocilizumab | Actemra/RoActemra | IL-6R | Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, cytokine release syndrome. |
| 2004 | Bevacizumab | Avastin | VEGF-A | Colon, lung, glioblastoma, renal-cell carcinoma; age-related macular degeneration. |
| 2008 | Certolizumab pegol | Cimzia | TNF-α | Morbus Crohn, rheumatoid arthritis |
| 1997 | Daclizumab | Zenapax | CD25 | Prevention of allograft rejection |
| 2016 | Daclizumab | Zinbryta | CD25 | Multiple sclerosis. Withdrawn from the market in 2018 |
| 2007 | Eculizumab | Soliris | C5-complement factor | Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and neuromyelitis optica |
| 2003 | Efalizumab | Raptiva | CD11a | Psoriasis treatment. Withdrawn from the market in 2009 |
| 2015 | Elotuzumab | Empliciti | SLAMF7-CD319 | Multiple myeloma |
| 2000 | Gemtuzumab ozogamicin | Mylotarg | CD33-drug | Relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. |
| 2015 | Idarucizumab | Praxbind | Dabigatran etexilate | Reversal of anticoagulant effects of dabigatran |
| 2016 | Ixekizumab | Taltz | IL-17A | Moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, active ankylosing spondylitis |
| 2006 | Natalizumab | Tysabri | α4β1 | Multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease |
| 2013 | Obinutuzumab | Gazyva | CD20 | Follicular lymphoma |
| 2017 | Ocrelizumab | Ocrevus | CD20 | Immunosuppressive drug, relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) |
| 2003 | Omalizumab | Xolair | Ig E | Severe asthma |
| 1998 | Palivizumab | Synagis | Protein F | Prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections |
| 2014 | Pembrolizumab/Lambrolizumab | Keytruda | PD-1 | Several types of cancer (metastatic solid tumors) |
| 2012 | Pertuzumab | Perjeta | HER2 | HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer and as neoadjuvant |
| 2006 | Ranibizumab | Lucentis | VEGF-α | Age-related macular degeneration |
| 2016 | Reslizumab | Cinqair | IL5 | Eosinophil-meditated inflammation (asthma) |
| 2010 | Tocilizumab or atlizumab | Actemra/RoActemra | IL-6R | Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, cytokine release syndrome |
| 1998 | Trastuzumab | Herceptin | HER2/neu | HER2-positive breast and stomach cancer |
| 2013 | Trastuzumab-emtansine | Kadcyla | HER2/neu | HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer |
| 2014 | Vedolizumab | Entyvio | Integrin-α4β7 | Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease |
| Human | ||||
| 2002 | Adalimumab | Humira, Trudexa | TNF-α | Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn’s disease |
| 2006 | Panitumumab | Vectibix | EGFR | Metastatic colorectal carcinoma |
| 2016 | Adalimumab | Amjevita and other biosimilars | TNF-α | Arthritis rheumatoid, psoriasis, Crohn’s disease |
| 2015 | Alirocumab | Praluent | PCSK9 | High levels of LDL cholesterol |
| 2017 | Avelumab | Bavencio | PD-L1 | Gastric cancer, Merkel-cell carcinoma |
| 2011 | Belimumab | Benlysta | BAFF | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| 2016 | Bezlotoxumab | Zinplava | C. difficile B toxin | Prevention of recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection |
| 2017 | Brodalumab | Siliq/Kyntheum | IL-17RA | Severe plaque psoriasis |
| 2009 | Canakinumab | Ilaris/ACZ885 | IL-1b | Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, autoinflammatory syndromes |
| 2015 | Daratumumab | Darzalex | CD38 | Multiple myeloma |
| 2010 | Denosumab | Prolia/Xgeva | RANKL | Osteoporosis at high risk of fractures |
| 2017 | Dupilumab | Dupixent | IL4Rα | Allergic diseases, atopic dermatitis, asthma and nasal polyps |
| 2017 | Durvalumab | Imfinzi | PD-L1 | Bladder and lung cancer; other tumors |
| 2015 | Evolocumab | Repatha | LDL-C/PCSK9 | Hyperlipidemia |
| 2009 | Golimumab | Simponi | TNFα | Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis |
| 2011 | Ipilimumab | Yerboy | CTLA-4 | Melanoma, renal cell carcinoma |
| 2015 | Necitumumab | Portrazza | EGFR | Squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma |
| 2015 | Nivolumab | Opdivo | PD-1 | Several types of cancer (melanoma, lung, renal, colon, liver, etc.)□ |
| 2009 | Ofatumumab | Arzerra | CD20 | Chronic lymphocytic leukemia |
| 2016 | Olaratumab | Lartruvo | PDGFR-α | Soft-tissue sarcoma |
| 2014 | Ramucirumab | Cyramza | VEGFR2 | advanced gastric cancer, gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma; other tumors (non-small cell lung carcinoma, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma) |
| 2012 | Raxibacumab | ABthrax | Bacillus anthracis, Anthrax toxin | Prophylaxis and treatment of inhaled Bacillus anthracis |
| 2015 | Secukinumab | Cosentyx | IL-17A | Psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis |
| 2009 | Ustekinumab | Stelara | IL-12/IL23 p40 | Psoriasis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis |