Table 1.
Variable | Electrodiagnostic testing |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
6 Months | 12 Months | 18 Months | ||
Sensory nerve conduction study | ||||
Right | Latency (ms) | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.8 |
Amplitude (mV) | 20.9 | 27.3 | 34.6 | |
Left | Latency (ms) | 2.7 | 2.5 | 3.0 |
Amplitude (mV) | 3.4 | 10.2 | 18.0 | |
Recovery rate (%) | 16.3 | 37.4 | 52.0 | |
Infraorbital blink reflex | ||||
R1 Ipsilateral | Right (ms) | 3.0 | 4.7 | 4.4 |
Left (ms) | Not evoked | 6.7 | 5.1 | |
R2 Ipsilateral | Right (ms) | 23.4 | 18.3 | 13.5 |
Left (ms) | Not evoked | 28.9 | 14.2 | |
R2 Contralateral | Right (ms) | 36.5 | 28.8 | 39.2 |
Left (ms) | Not evoked | 30.4 | 35.7 | |
Electromyography | ||||
Left frontalis | Spontaneous activity | Normal | Normal | Normal |
MUAPs | Normal, discrete | Normal, discrete | Normal, discrete | |
Left nasalis | Spontaneous activity | Positive sharp wave | Positive sharp wave, fibrillation | Normal |
MUAPs | Normal, discrete | Polyphasic, discrete | Normal, discrete | |
Left orbicularis oris | Spontaneous activity | Normal | Normal | Normal |
MUAPs | Polyphasic, discrete | Normal, discrete | Normal, discrete | |
Motor nerve conduction study | ||||
Right nasalis | Latency (ms) | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 |
Amplitude (mV) | 3.2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | |
Left nasalis | Latency (ms) | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.6 |
Amplitude (mV) | 1.1 | 2.6 | 3.5 | |
Recovery rate (%) | 34.3 | 47.2 | 63.3 |
Axonal degeneration in the left trigeminal nerve was diagnosed by a decrease in amplitude in the sensory nerve conduction study, lesions in the infraorbital nerve and left facial nerve were diagnosed by left ipsilateral R1, R2 and contralateral R2 and right contralateral R2 delays observed in the infraorbital blink reflex test, and neuropathy of the buccal branch of the left facial nerve was diagnosed by discrete polyphasic motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) and abnormal spontaneous activity in the left nasalis and orbicularis oris observed using electromyography. Additionally, gradual nerve function recovery is demonstrated by improvements in these test results. The nerve conduction study showed a 52.0% recovery of infraorbital neuropathy and 63.6% recovery of facial neuropathy in 18 months.