Figure 3.

Differentially expressed genes between highland and lowland maize landraces encoding enzymes involved in general phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The general phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway consisting of three genes underlying enzymatic steps (white diamonds) and four metabolic intermediates (light purple rectangles). Enzyme gene names are as follows: PAL, phenylalanine ammonia lyase; C4H, cinnamate‐4‐hydroxylase; 4Cl, 4‐coumarate: CoA ligase. Genes up‐regulated in highland landraces are represented by circles with blue while genes up‐regulated in lowland landraces are represented by red. A full circle represents a log2fold change of 2.11 (i.e., 4.32 times higher expression); partially filled circles represent up‐regulation to a portion of 4.32 times. If multiple circles are present to the right of an enzyme gene name, then multiple genes encoding that type of enzyme are up‐regulated—cross‐reference Figure 2 and Table S3 for associated gene names and log2fold change values, respectively. Genes were considered differentially expressed when significant at a 0.05 FDR rate using a Benjamini–Hochberg correction