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. 2020 Aug 18;4(8):e16537. doi: 10.2196/16537

Table 2.

Participant characteristics.

Characteristics Groups P valuea

Overall
(n=36)
Intact mobility
(n=20)
Limited mobility
(n=16)

Female, n (%) 19 (53) 7 (35) 12 (75) .02
Age (years), mean (SD) 71.4 (4.7) 73.1 (3.7) 71.6 (5.8) .40
Weight (kg), mean (SD) 82.0 (16.8) 78.1 (17.4) 87.0 (15.1) .11
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) 29.4 (5.9) 27.7 (4.4) 31.5 (7.0) .07
White, n (%) 25 (69) 13 (65) 12 (75) .46
University education, n (%) 16 (44) 9 (45) 7 (44) >.99
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (of 30), median (IQR) 27 (26-28) 27 (26-27) 28 (27-29) .03b
Smoked previously, n (%) 17 (47) 8 (40) 9 (56) .33c
Good or excellent self-rated health, n (%) 29 (81) 18 (90) 11 (69) .20
Short Physical Performance Battery (of 12), median (IQR) 11.0 (10.0-11.0) 11.0 (10.0-12.0) 10.0 (9.8-11.0) .06b
6-meter gait speed (m/s), mean (SD) 1.2 (0.2) 1.3 (0.2) 1.1 (0.2) <.001
400-meter gait speed (m/s), mean (SD) 1.3 (0.2) 1.4 (0.1) 1.2 (0.2) <.001
400-meter continuous walk step count, mean (SD) 600 (70) 562 (29) 648 (76) <.001
400-meter interrupted walk step count, mean (SD) 656 (73) 617 (41) 703 (77) <.001
Self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activityd (min/week), mean (SD) 343 (368) 343 (272) 343 (471) .10
Self-reported walking (min/week), mean (SD) 208 (197) 240 (208) 167 (182) .27
Number of comorbidities, median (IQR) 2.0 (0.0-3.0) 0.0 (0.0-2.0) 2.5 (1.0-4.0) .02b
≥1 comorbidity, n (%) 19 (53) 8 (40) 11 (69) .04
≥2 comorbidities, n (%) 12 (33) 4 (20) 8 (50) .09c
Arthritis, n (%) 13 (36) 4 (20) 9 (56) .04
Obesity, n (%) 10 (28) 3 (15) 7 (44) .07
Visual impairmentse, n (%) 10 (28) 7 (35) 3 (19) .46
Degenerative disc diseasef, n (%) 6 (17) 2 (10) 4 (25) .37
Depression, n (%) 4 (11) 1 (5) 3 (19) .30
Diabetes (type 1 or 2), n (%) 4 (11) 1 (5) 3 (19) .30
Osteoporosis, n (%) 3 (8) 0 (0) 3 (19) .08
Access to a computer with internet, n (%) 31 (86) 17 (85) 14 (88) >.99
Access to cellphone or smartphone, n (%) 33 (92) 18 (90) 14 (88) .57

aP values comparing intact mobility versus limited mobility, from a chi-square Fisher exact test for categorical variables and from an independent sample t test for continuous variables.

bFrom a Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

cFrom a chi-square Pearson test.

dModerate-to-vigorous physical activity includes self-reported walking.

eFor example, cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration.

fFor example, back disease, spinal stenosis, or severe chronic back pain.