Table 1.

Representative EMT and metastasis-suppressor protein-coding genes silenced by DNA methylation.

Protein	Gene	Function	Cancer type	Ref
E-cadherin	CDH1	Calcium-dependent adhesion protein (adherens junction). Cell-cell adhesions, motility and proliferation of epithelial cells.	Breast And Prostate	[78]
			Oral	[79]
			Breast	[80,85]
			Basal-like Breast	[84]
			Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma	[81]
TWIST1	TWIST1	Basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor binding to E box sequences. Cell lineage determination and differentiation. EMT-TF	Multiple Adenocarcinomas	[82]
NM23	NME1	Nucleoside diphosphate kinase multifunctional protein metastasis suppressor gene.	Melanoma and Breast	[92]
RKIP	RKIP	Member of phosphatidyl-ethanolamine-binding-protein (PEBP) family. Modulator of intracellular signaling pathways.	Breast, Esophageal, and Gastric Carcinomas	[95]
SHISA3	SHISA3	Member of a family of transmembrane adaptors modulating both WNT and FGF signaling. Maturation of presomitic mesoderm cells.	Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma	[96]
RECK	RECK	Membrane-anchored cysteine-rich glycoprotein with protease-inhibitor-like domains. Negative regulator for matrix metalloproteinase-9. Tumor invasion inhibition.	Lung Cancer	[97]
			NSCLC	[98]
			PDAC (Pancreas)	[99]
			Osteosarcoma	[100]
			Esophageal	[101]
			Breast	[102]
BRMS1	BRMS1	Transcriptional Repressor. Anoikis Regulator. Metastasis Suppressor.	Breast	[103]
			NSCLC	[104]