Table 4.
Representative and characterized CCA patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models.
| Tumor Type | Mice | Molecular Characterization | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| iCCA | NOD/SCID | K-Ras mutation | [56] |
| iCCA | NSG | FGFR2-CCDC6 gene fusion | [215] |
| iCCA | NGS | DH1 R132C mutation | [216] |
| iCCA | NOD/SCID | Constitutive expression of FGFR 1–4 mRNA and FRS2 | [217] |
| iCCA | CD1 immunodeficient nude | NOTCH1 overexpression | [219] |
| iCCA | B-NDG miceBALB/c (nu/nu) nude | CDK7 overexpression | [220] |
| iCCA | NOD/SCID | YAP overexpression | [204] |
| iCCA | Balb/c RJ mice | Oct-3/4 or Sox2 expression | [60] |
| iCCA | NOD/SCID | Sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 2 (SVCT-2) expression | [221] |
| eCCA | Balb/c RJ mice | Oct-3/4 or Sox2 expression | [60] |
iCCA: intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; eCCA: extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; NOD/SCID: nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency; NSG: NOD-scid IL2rγnull; B-NDG; NOD-PrkdcscidIL2rgtm1/Bcgen.