| LARC | Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer |
| nCRT | neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy |
| TME | Total Mesorectal Excision |
| 3D-LCRT | Three-dimensional Long Course Radiotherapy |
| CAPOX | Capecitabine + Oxaliplatin |
| TNT | Total Neoadjuvant Therapy |
| CRT | Chemoradiotherapy |
| pCR | Complete Pathological Response |
| AJCC | American Joint Committee on Cancer |
| pTRG | Pathological Tumor Regression Grade |
| mrTRG | MRI Tumor Regression Grade |
| NAR | NeoAdjuvant Rectal score |
| cCR | Complete Clinical Response |
| CMS | Colorectal Consensus Molecular Subtype |
| dMMR | Mismatch Repair Defficiency |
| IHC | Immunohistochemistry |
| NPS | Neutrophil Platelet Score |
| EMVI | Extramural Vascular Invasion |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| CRM | Circumferential Radial Margin |
| MERPS | Median Repair Pathway Score |
| OR | Odds Ratio |
| KP | KRAS-TP53 |
| MMR | Mismatch Repair |
| DAMPs | Damage Associated Molecular Patterns |
| MHC | Major Histocompatibility Complex |
| FFPE | Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded |
| CT | Computed Tomography |
| LLND | Lateral Lymph Node Dissemination |
| DRE | Digital Rectal Examination |
| DW-MRI | Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| CR | Consensus Response |