| ADM | adrenomedullin |
| ALDH | aldehyde dehydrogenase |
| BMP | bone morphogenetic protein |
| bsAb | bispecific antibody |
| CCL | C-C chemokine ligand |
| CCR | C-C chemokine receptor |
| c-di-GMP | cyclic di-guanylate |
| COX | cyclooxygenase |
| CSC | cancer stem cell |
| CTLA-4 | cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 |
| CXCL | chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand |
| DCIS | ductal carcinoma in situ |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| E-FABP | epidermal fatty acid-binding proteins |
| EGF | epidermal growth factor |
| EGFR | epidermal growth factor receptor |
| EMT | epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| EphA4 | EPH receptor A4 |
| GAMP | guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate |
| GM-CSF | granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| HER2 | human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 |
| HIF | hypoxia-inducible factor |
| HO-1 | heme oxygenase-1 |
| HSP | heat shot protein |
| IDC | invasive ductal carcinoma |
| IDO | indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase |
| IFN | interferon |
| IL | interleukin |
| iNOS | inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| LAG-3 | lymphocyte activation gene-3 |
| LCN | lipocalin |
| L-NMMA | NG-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate |
| LOX | lysyl oxidase |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| MDSC | myeloid-derived suppressor cell |
| MHC | major histocompatibility complex |
| MIF | macrophage migration inhibitory factor |
| MMP | matrix metallopeptidase |
| MMR | macrophages mannose receptor |
| MPO | myeloperoxidase |
| MRC1 | mannose receptor C-type 1 |
| mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
| NF | nuclear factor |
| NK | natural killer |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| OS | overall survival |
| PD-L1 | programmed death-ligand 1 |
| PI3K | phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homolog |
| RFS | relapse-free survival |
| RNI | reactive nitrogen intermediates |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SDF-1 | stromal cell-derived factor 1 |
| Sema4D | semaphorin 4D |
| SOCS1 | suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 |
| SOX2 | SRY-box transcription factor 2 |
| STAT | signal transducer and activator of transcription |
| STING | stimulator of interferon genes |
| TADC | tumor-associated dendritic cell |
| TAM | tumor-associated macrophages |
| TAMC | tumor-associated myeloid cell |
| TAN | tumor associated neutrophil |
| TCR | T-cell receptor |
| TEM | Tie2-expressing monocytes |
| TGF | transforming growth factor |
| TGM2 | transglutaminase 2 |
| TLR | toll-like receptor |
| TME | tumor microenvironment |
| TNBC | triple-negative breast cancer |
| TRAIL | TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand |
| uPA | urokinase-type plasminogen activator |
| uPAR | urokinase receptor |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| VEGR | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor |
| 1-MT | 1-methyl-L-tryptophan |
| 15-PGDH | 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase |