Table 1.
Outcomes reported in the clinical trials examined and model parameters.
| Variables | Base-Case | References |
|---|---|---|
| First-line systemic treatments | ||
| Median PFS (months) reported in RCTs | ||
| Sorafenib | 3.8 mo | [12,14,24,25,26,27] |
| Lenvatinib | 7.4 mo | [12] |
| Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab | 6.8 mo | [14] |
| Median PFS (IQR) (months) obtained with Weibull distribution | ||
| Sorafenib | 4.6 (6.7) mo | |
| Lenvatinib | 8.8 (11.7) mo | |
| Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab | 7.2 (9.3) mo | |
| SAEs | ||
| Sorafenib | 72.3% | [12,14,24,25] |
| Lenvatinib | 75% | [12] |
| Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab | 61% | [14] |
| Second-line systemic treatments | ||
| Median OS (months) reported in RCTs | ||
| Regorafenib | 10.6 mo. | [15] |
| Cabozantinib | 10.2 mo | [16] |
| Ramucirumab | 9.2 mo | [28] |
| Nivolumab | 15.1 mo | [20] |
| Pembrolizumab | 13.9 mo | [23] |
| Median OS (IQR) (months) obtained with Weibull distribution | ||
| Regorafenib | 11.4 (14.4) mo | |
| Cabozantinib | 11.4 (14) mo | |
| Ramucirumab | 11.3 (14.5) mo | |
| Nivolumab | 16.4 (23.2) mo | |
| Pembrolizumab | 14 (17.8) mo | |
| SAEs | ||
| Regorafenib | 79.7% | [15] |
| Cabozantinib | 79.4% | [16] |
| Ramucirumab | 70.4% | [28] |
| Nivolumab | 18.6% * | [20] |
| Pembrolizumab | 52.7% | [23] |
OS, overall survival. PFS, Progression-free survival. mo, months. IQR, Interquartile Range. SD, Standard Deviation. SAEs, severe adverse events. BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer. RCTs, randomized controlled trials. For Sorafenib, data were pooled from the available RCTs [14,16,24,25,26,27]. * Because the incidence of treatment emergent AEs was not reported for Nivolumab, we reported severe treatment-related adverse events.