Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 202 IBD patients in remission according to their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) status.
| Variable | Low HRQoL n = 106 |
Normal HRQoL n = 96 |
p-Value | OR (95% CI) Adjusted a |
p-Value (MVA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) Female Male |
51 (48.1) 55 (51.9) |
41 (42.7) 55 (57.3) |
0.441 |
0.641(0.319–1.286) |
0.210 |
| Age, median (range), years | 47 (17–82) | 43 (17–74) | 0.299 | 0.977 (0.947–1.007) | 0.128 |
| Type of disease, n (%) UC CD |
76 (53.2) 30 (50.8) |
67 (46.8) 29 (49.2) |
0.566 |
2.449 (1.057–5.675) |
0.037 |
| Pediatric onset, n (%) | 18 (17) | 7 (7.3) | 0.038 | 0.380 (0.115–1.251) | 0.111 |
| Family history of IBD, n (%) | 18 (20.5) | 13 (18.1) | 0.702 | 1.314 (0.734–3.103) | 0.672 |
| Overweight, n (%) | 41 (38.7) | 39 (40.6) | 0.778 | 1.169 (0.568–2.407) | 0.818 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 26 (24.5) | 25 (26) | 0.805 | 1.269 (0.560–2.875) | 0.568 |
| High education, n (%) | 59 (55.7) | 59 (61.5) | 0.404 | 1.114 (0.527–2.356) | 0.777 |
| Marriage/cohabiting, n (%) | 59 (55.7) | 43 (44.8) | 0.123 | 0.701 (0.309–1.593) | 0.397 |
| IBD surgery, n (%) | 25 (23.6) | 12 (12.5) | 0.042 | 3.533 (1.218–10.204) | 0.021 |
| Disease duration, mean ± SD, years | 15.42 ± 11.3 | 13.23 ± 8.4 | 0.142 | 2.974 (1.304–6.781) | 0.010 |
| Steroid-dependence, n (%) | 44 (41.5) | 31 (32.3) | 0.176 | 0.932 (0.443–1.960) | 0.852 |
| Biologic experienced, n (%) | 43 (40.6) | 27 (28.1) | 0.064 | 0.658 (0.292–1.482) | 0.312 |
| Poor sleep quality, n (%) | 52 (49.1) | 19 (19.9) | 0.001 | 2.609 (1.211–0.618) | 0.014 |
| Illness perception score, mean ± SD | 48.08 ± 11.5 | 37.13 ± 15 | 0.001 | 1.039 (1.011–1.067) | 0.006 |
| Anxiety/depression status, n (%) | 65 (61.3) | 27 (28.1) | 0.001 | 2.145 (1.028–4.464) | 0.042 |
Values are numbers (n), percentage (%), and mean ± SD as indicated. MVA: multivariate analysis; SD: standard deviation; UC: ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease. Means were compared with the use of a Student’s t-test when data were normally distributed and with a Mann–Whitney U-test when data were not normally distributed, and proportions were determined with the use of a chi-square test. Odds ratio (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in brackets are given. Bold text indicates a statistically significant difference with a p-value less than 0.05. a All variables except age, disease duration, and illness perception entered MVA analysis as categorical variables.