Figure 2.

Bioaccessibility of polyphenols and antioxidant measures during digestion of black carrots are explained by the inclusion of lipids. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the dataset of individual polyphenols and phytochemical bioactivities (DPPH, FRAP, and TPC) dataset. Panel (a) shows the separation of gastric, small intestinal, and colonic digestive fluids. Panel (b) shows the separation of different carrot and oil combinations. Different groups are denoted by colours as shown in the legend. Abbreviations: G (gastric fraction), S (small intestinal fraction), and C (colonic fraction); B (black carrot only), BS (black carrot and sunflower oil mixture), BT (black carrot and tallow mixture), and BC (black carrot and coconut oil mixture).