Table 4.

Improving GSs/ GSHPs bioavailability and bioactivity.

Treatment	Source	Effects	Biological Activity
Mild heat treatment	B. rapa L.	Myrosinase enzyme activity		[182]
Continuous consumption	Broccoli	Total ITCs in colon and caecum levels of male mice	Quinone oxidoreductase	[187]
Exogenous myrosinase treatment	Broccoli sprouts Cooked broccoli Mustard powder	Sulforaphane in diet Sulforaphane in cooked vegetables Enzyme activity	Sulforaphane Plasma levels Urinary sulforaphane levels Antimicrobial	[183,184,186]
Powdered mustard seeds	B. oleracea var. italica	Sulforaphane in processed vegetables	-	[185]