Table 4.

Mortality (%) of S. granarius adults, in the absence or presence of wheat grains (200 g), 24 h after fumigation with different concentrations of hop EO, β-myrcene, α-humulene, and β-caryophyllene. For each exposure time, values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (p ≤ 0.05, Tukey’s HSD test).

Wheat Grains	EO		β-Myrcene		A-Humulene		β-Caryophyllene
	Dose (mg/L)	% Mortality (Mean ± S.E.)	Dose (mg/L)	% Mortality (Mean ± S.E.)	Dose (mg/L)	% Mortality (Mean ± S.E.)	Dose (mg/L)	% Mortality (Mean ± S.E.)
NO	210.00	100.00 ± 0.00 a	146.85	100.00 ± 0.00 a	183.73	100.00 ± 0.00 a	210.47	100.00 ± 0.00 a
	180.83	76.67 ± 6.67 b	106.80	73.33 ± 3.33 b	154.09	63.33 ± 6.67 b	165.37	66.67 ± 8.82 b
	151.67	63.33 ± 3.33 b	53.40	46.67 ± 3.33 c	124.46	43.33 ± 3.33 c	120.27	26.67 ± 6.67 c
	122.50	36.67 ± 3.33 c	26.70	6.67 ± 3.33 d	94.83	13.33 ± 3.33 d	60.13	23.33 ± 3.33 cd
	93.33	20.00 ± 5.77 cd	13.35	3.33 ± 3.33 d	47.41	10.00 ± 5.77 d	30.07	13.33 ± 8.82 cd
	46.67	10.00 ± 5.77 de	6.68	3.33 ± 3.33 d	23.71	0.00 ± 0.00 d	15.03	3.33 ± 3.33 cd
	23.33	6.67 ± 6.67 de	3.34	0.00 ± 0.00 d	11.85	6.67 ± 3.33 d	7.52	0.0 ± 0.0 d
	11.67 *	0.00 ± 0.00 d	0.00	0.00 ± 0.00 d	5.93 *	0.0 ± 0.0 d	3.76	0.0 ± 0.0 d
	0.00	0.00 ± 0.00 e			0.00	0.0 ± 0.0 d	0.00	0.0 ± 0.0 d
	F	86.69	F	113.34	F	113.34	F	49.81
	d.f.	12	d.f.	7	d.f.	11	d.f.	8
	P	<0.001	P	<0.001	P	<0.001	P	<0.001
YES	210.00	100.00 ± 0.00 a	186.90	100.00 ± 0.00 a	213.36	100.00 ± 0.00 a	240.53	100.00 ± 0.00 a
	180.83	73.33 ± 8.82 b	146.85	63.33 ± 6.67 b	183.73	56.67 ± 8.82 b	210.47	63.33 ± 3.33 b
	151.67	60.00 ± 5.77 b	106.80	40.00 ± 5.77 c	154.09	26.67 ± 3.33 c	165.37	36.57 ± 3.33 c
	122.50	36.67 ± 3.33 c	53.40	13.33 ± 6.67 d	124.46	13.33 ± 3.33 cd	120.27	20.00 ± 5.77 d
	93.33	16.67 ± 3.33 d	26.70	3.33 ± 3.33 d	94.83	10.00 ± 5.77 cd	60.13	6.67 ± 3.33 e
	46.67	10.00 ± 5.77 d	13.35	0.00 ± 0.00 d	47.41	6.67 ± 6.67 d	30.07	0.00 ± 0.00 e
	23.33	3.33 ± 3.33 d	6.68	0.00 ± 0.00 d	23.71	3.33 ± 3.33 d	15.03	0.00 ± 0.00 e
	11.67 *	0.00 ± 0.00 d	3.34	0.00 ± 0.00 d	11.85 *	0.00 ± 0.00 d	7.52 *	0.00 ± 0.00 e
	0.00	0.00 ± 0.00 d	0.00	0.00 ± 0.00 d	0.00	0.00 ± 0.00 d	0.00	0.00 ± 0.00 e
	F	84.02	F	87.94	F	61.05	F	177.70
	d.f.	12	d.f.	8	d.f.	12	d.f.	9
	p	< 0.001	p	< 0.001	p	< 0.001	p	< 0.001

* lower doses showing no mortality were omitted in the table for its clarity.