. 2020 Jul 27;12(8):1668. doi: 10.3390/polym12081668

Table 2.

Parameters of Ostwald’s and Casson’s model describing the flow curves of the native and modified starch preparations.

Sample		Ostwald’s Model
Sample		K [Pa sⁿ]	n	R²
Native starch		4.1889 ± 0.0270 ^e	0.6397 ± 0.0016 ^d	0.9835 ± 0.0012 ^a
R	110 °C	3.9073 ± 0.3026 ^d	0.6122 ± 0.0120 ^c	0.9998 ± 0.0001 ^d
	130 °C	1.2867 ± 0.0350 ^b	0.5948 ± 0.0017 ^b	0.9996 ± 0.0001 ^{c, d}
	150 °C	1.8697 ± 0.0586 ^c	0.5731 ± 0.0014 ^a	0.9993 ± 0.0001 ^{c, d}
RW	110 °C	3.8730 ± 0.0324 ^d	0.6351 ± 0.0007 ^d	0.9987 ± 0.0001 ^c
	130 °C	0.0051 ± 0.0003 ^a	1.1770 ± 0.0030 ^e	0.9974 ± 0.0005 ^b
	150 °C	0.0031 ± 0.0000 ^a	1.3170 ± 0.0000 ^f	0.9997 ± 0.0000 ^d
Sample		Casson’s Model
Sample		τ_0C [Pa]	η_C [Pa s]	R²
Native starch		11.0167 ± 0.1815 ^c	0.2190 ± 0.0041 ^c	0.9872 ± 0.0049 ^a
R	110 °C	10.4920 ± 0.8342 ^c	0.2254 ± 0.0072 ^c	0.9986 ± 0.0005 ^b
	130 °C	3.5380 ± 0.1047 ^a	0.0640 ± 0.0011 ^a	0.9992 ± 0.0001 ^b
	150 °C	5.1363 ± 0.1609 ^b	0.0777 ± 0.0019 ^b	0.9993 ± 0.0001 ^b
RW	110 °C	10.7533 ± 0.1102 ^c	0.2634 ± 0.0029 ^d	0.9998 ± 0.0000 ^b
	130 °C	n. d.	n. d.	n. d.
	150 °C	n. d.	n. d.	n. d.

n. d.—not detected; The results are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3). Values with different letters (^a–f) in the same column are significantly different at p < 0.05. R—roasted starch without wastewater; RW—roasted starch with wastewater.