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. 2020 Jul 30;12(8):1715. doi: 10.3390/polym12081715
b Change rate of σ0
B´¯B Deviatoric part of the isochoric left Cauchy-Green tensor (MPa)
c p Specific heat (kJ/kg·K)
CR Rubbery modulus (MPa)
D Punch diameter (mm)
e Approximation error
f i Predictions
F z Vertical force (N)
F xy In-plane force (N)
hj Softening slope (MPa)
k t Thermal conductance (W/m·K)
L Langevin function
n Chain density (polymer chains per unit volume)
N Limiting chain extensibility
p Pressure (MPa)
Q Maximum σ0 (MPa)
sj Athermal shear strength (MPa)
T Temperature (°C)
y i Experimental measurements
z Incremental depth (mm)
Greek symbols
α Cone wall angle (°)
αp,j Pressure coefficient
γ˙ip Shear strain rate in the viscoplastic dashpot (1/s)
γ˙0,jp Pre-exponential factor proportional to the attempt frequency (1/s)
ΔGj Activation energy (J)
εe Total strain
εpl Equivalent plastic strain
εult Ultimate strain
E Young’s modulus (MPa)
Ej Temperature rate dependent Young’s modulus (MPa)
k Boltzmann’s constant (J/K)
λchainp Stretch on a chain in the eight-chain networks (MPa)
μ Mean absolute experimental value
μj Shear modulus (MPa)
νj Poisson´s ratio
σ Total stress in the polymer (MPa)
σB Stress response in the non-linear Langevin spring (MPa)
σj Stress in the linear elastic spring (MPa)
σ0 Size change of the yield surface (MPa)
σ0 Yield stress at zero plastic strain (MPa)
σult Ultimate strength (MPa)
σy Yield stress (MPa)
τj Shear stress (MPa)
ψ Thermal contact conductance (W/m2·K)