Table 3.
Significant predictors of hangover severity (excluding next-day variables).
| Full Sample | Today (n = 313) | Yesterday (n = 243) | Two days ago (n = 175) |
| Model: R2 = 45.2% | Model: R2 = 42.8% | Model: R2 = 43.1% | |
| Contributing variables | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 43.0%) (β = 0.644, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 38.9%) (β = 0.524, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 37.0%) (β = 0.561, p < 0.0001) |
| Baseline fatigue (R2 = 1.5%) (β = 0.117, p = 0.006) | ISQ (R2 = 2.1%) (β = −0.165, p = 0.001) | Estimated BAC (R2 = 3.9%) (β = 0.420, p < 0.0001) | |
| Sleep quality (R2 = 0.7%) (β = −0.096, p = 0.024) | Estimated BAC (R2 = 1.8%) (β = 0.167, p = 0.004) | Alcohol intake evening (R2 = 1.2%) (β = −0.288, p = 0.022) | |
| Sleep quality (R2 = 1.0%) (β = −0.115, p = 0.049) | |||
| Men only | Today (n = 120) | Yesterday (n = 110) | Two days ago (n = 91) |
| Model: R2 = 36.2% | Model: R2 = 60.5% | Model: R2 = 44.3% | |
| Contributing variables | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 33.5%) (β = 0.570, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 38.9%) (β = 0.485, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 41.0%) (β = 0.818, p < 0.0001) |
| Baseline anger, hostility (R2 = 2.7%) (β = 0.181, p = 0.015) | Stress while hungover (R2 = 12.3%) (β = 0.293, p < 0.0001) | Drinking time (R2 = 3.3%) (β = −0.263, p = 0.013) | |
| Fatigue while hungover (R2 = 3.6%) (β = 0.179, p = 0.019) | |||
| Estimated BAC (R2 = 3.1%) (β = 0.495, p = 0.002) | |||
| Weekly alcohol intake (R2 = 1.2%) (β = 0.159, p = 0.019) | |||
| Alcohol intake evening (R2 = 1.4%) (β = −0.404, p = 0.030) | |||
| Women only | Today (n = 133) | Yesterday (n = 132) | Two days ago (n = 83) |
| Model: R2 = 41.7% | Model: R2 = 46.2% | Model: R2 = 44.0% | |
| Contributing variables | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 38.9%) (β = 0.580, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 38.9%) (β = 0.560, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 32.5%) (β = 0.392, p = 0.001) |
| Total sleep time (R2 = 2.8%) (β = −0.183, p = 0.009) | Weekly alcohol intake (R2 = 3.2%) (β = −0.221, p = 0.001) | Current immune fitness (R2 = 9.1%) (β = −0.279, p = 0.001) | |
| ISQ (R2 = 2.4%) (β = −0.172, p = 0.010) | Estimated BAC (R2 = 2.1%) (β = 0.235, p = 0.036) | ||
| Estimated BAC (R2 = 1.7%) (β = 0.207, p = 0.008) |
Linear stepwise regression analyses were conducted on the data of participants who reported having a hangover. The included variables were demographics, baseline mood, neuroticism, alcohol consumption variables, and sleep outcomes. The percentage of variance explained (adjusted R2), the unadjusted beta coefficient (β), and standard error (SE) are provided. Abbreviation: BAC = estimated blood alcohol concentration, ISQ = Immune Status Questionnaire.