Table 4.
Significant predictors of hangover severity (including next-day variables).
| Full sample | Today (n = 313) | Yesterday (n = 243) | Two days ago (n = 175) |
| Model: R2 = 56.1% | Model: R2 = 58.4% | Model: R2 = 56.7% | |
| Contributing variables | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 43.0%) (β = 0.472, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 38.9%) (β = 0.331, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 37.0%) (β = 0.319, p < 0.0001) |
| Fatigue while hungover (R2 = 8.7%) (β = 0.237, p < 0.0001) | Stress while hungover (R2 = 13.0%) (β = 0.220, p < 0.0001) | Stress while hungover (R2 = 11.8%) (β = 0.351, p = 0.0001) | |
| Guilt about drinking (R2 = 4%) (β = 0.186, p < 0.0001) | Fatigue while hungover (R2 = 3.9%) (β = 0.227, p < 0.0001) | Estimated BAC (R2 = 4.5%) (β = 0.227, p < 0.0001) | |
| Stress while hungover (R2 = 0.4%) (β = 0.093, p = 0.048) | Guilt about drinking (R2 = 2.0%) (β = 0.171, p = 0.001) | Fatigue while hungover (R2 = 2.2%) (β = 0.188, p = 0.001) | |
| Estimated BAC (R2 = 0.6%) (β = 0.107, p = 0.028) | Angry while drinking (R2 = 1.6%) (β = −0.142, p = 0.006) | ||
| Men only | Today (n = 120) | Yesterday (n = 110) | Two days ago (n = 91) |
| Model: R2 = 50.3% | Model: R2 = 50.8% | Model: R2 = 66.5% | |
| Contributing variables | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 33.5%) (β = 0.423, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 38.9%) (β = 0.578, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 41.0%) (β = 0.618, p < 0.0001) |
| Fatigue while hungover (R2 = 12.5%) (β = 0.306, p < 0.0001) | Estimated BAC (R2 = 4.8%) (β = 0.657, p < 0.0001) | Stress while hungover (R2 = 17.1%) (β = 0.426, p < 0.0001) | |
| Guilt about drinking (R2 = 4.3%) (β = 0.234, p = 0.001) | Baseline anger, hostility (R2 = 3.2%) (β = 0.226, p = 0.001) | Estimated BAC (R2 = 4.1%) (β = 0.522, p < 0.0001) | |
| Alcohol intake evening (R2 = 2.1%) (β = −0.551, p = 0.008) | Alcohol intake evening (R2 = 2.1%) (β = −0.437, p = 0.009) | ||
| Weekly alcohol intake (R2 = 1.8%) (β = 0.155, p = 0.033) | Angry while drinking (R2 = 1.7%) (β = −0.143, p = 0.024) | ||
| Women only | Today (n = 133) | Yesterday (n = 132) | Two days ago (n = 83) |
| Model: R2 = 54.4% | Model: R2 = 61.4% | Model: R2 = 53.1% | |
| Contributing variables | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 38.9%) (β = 0.419, p < 0.0001) | Fatigue while drinking (R2 = 39.6%) (β = 0.226, p = 0.002) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 32.5%) (β = 0.358, p < 0.0001) |
| Fatigue while hungover (R2 = 9.8%) (β = 0.322, p < 0.0001) | Guilt about drinking (R2 = 12.4%) (β = 0.250, p < 0.0001) | Fatigue while hungover (R2 = 9.1%) (β = 0.325, p < 0.0001) | |
| Guilt about drinking (R2 = 4.1%) (β = 0.239, p < 0.0001) | Subjective intoxication (R2 = 5.5%) (β = 0.343, p < 0.0001) | Stress while hungover (R2 = 5.9%) (β = 0.224, p = 0.012) | |
| Baseline anxiety (R2 = 1.6%) (β = −0.139, p = 0.021) | Stress while drinking (R2 = 2.3%) (β = 0.196, p = 0.005) | Baseline fatigue (R2 = 3.3%) (β = −0.220, p = 0.006) | |
| Weekly alcohol intake (R2 = 1.8%) (β = −0.147, p = 0.010) | Current immune fitness (R2 = 2.3%) (β = −0.189, p = 0.031) |
Linear stepwise regression analyses were conducted on the data of participants who reported having a hangover. The included variables were demographics, baseline mood, neuroticism, alcohol consumption variables, sleep outcomes, and next-day variables on mood while hungover, as well as guilt about drinking. The percentage of variance explained (adjusted R2), the standardized beta coefficient (β), and p-value are given.