Figure 1.

P. gingivalis infection enhances PDAC cell proliferation. PDAC cells (PANC1, MIA PaCa-2, and Panc02) were cultured in the absence of antibiotics alone or in the presence of P. gingivalis (MOI 10 bacteria per cell, 4 wells per condition) and cell number was calculated at the indicated time points (squares indicate cells without bacteria, and circles indicate cells with bacteria). One representative experiment of three is shown. Two-tailed t-test was performed for statistical analysis. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01.