AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ATG	autophagy-related proteins
AMPK	5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
BIR	brain insulin resistance
IRS-1	insulin receptor substrate-1
BVR	Biliverdin reductase
HO	heme oxygenase
IGF-1	insulin-like growth factor-1
LAMP	lysosome-associated membrane protein
LC3	microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3
KO	knock-out
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCI	mild cognitive impairment
mTORC1	mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
OS	oxidative stress
PBMC	peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PI3K	phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
SQSTM1	sequestosome-1
3-NT	3-nitro-tyrosine
HNE	4-hydroxy-2-nonenals
TLR4	Toll like receptor 4