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Adhesion rates of E. coli ATCC 8739, S. aureus 2S6 and L. monocytogenes 162 to Caco-2 cells in the presence of Lactobacillus strains. A: Competition (Lactobacillus strain with pathogen for 120 min). B: Exclusion (pre-incubation of Lactobacillus strain for 90 min, before adding pathogen for 120 min). The rates are the means of three independent experiments. The columns without a common letter are different significantly (p < 0.05) using Tukey’s test.
