Table 1.
Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics in DKA/DK children
| Variables | Thyroid function | Z/T/χ2 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Euthyroidism | ESS | |||
| Gender (male/female) | 50/38 | 59/47 | 0.03 | 0.871 |
| Age (years) | 7.16 ± 4.24 | 7.42 ± 4.27 | 0.416 | 0.678 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 16.93 ± 3.19 | 15.80 ± 3.07 | −1.589 | 0.116 |
| WBC (× 109/L) | 7.25 (6.15 ~ 9.82) | 10.72 (7.82 ~ 16.9) | −5.316 | < 0.001* |
| PG (mmol/L) | 19.13 (14.97 ~ 27.8) | 21.77 (16.89 ~ 29.46) | −3.222 | 0.001* |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 5.35 (4.48 ~ 6.35) | 4.95 (3.93 ~ 6.75) | −0.372 | 0.71 |
| Cr (umol/L) | 31.3 (23.55 ~ 48.63) | 34.05 (25.15 ~ 45.64) | −0.765 | 0.444 |
| β-HB (mmol/L) | 2.92 (1.61 ~ 5.22) | 6.52 (4.28 ~ 8.46) | −7.375 | < 0.001* |
| K+ (mmol/L) | 4.25 (3.8 ~ 4.6) | 4.2 (3.5 ~ 4.63) | −1.403 | 0.161 |
| Na+ (mmol/L) | 133.42 ± 4.72 | 131.02 ± 5.28 | 3.309 | 0.001* |
| Corrected Na+ (mmol/L) | 139 (137.2 ~ 141.7) | 138.6 (134 ~ 140.6) | −1.405 | 0.16 |
| Cl− (mmol/L) | 99.3 (96 ~ 103) | 101 (96 ~ 106.15) | −1.256 | 0.209 |
| HCO3− (mmol/L) | 19.15 (16.4 ~ 21.9) | 9.55 (6.63 ~ 14.75) | −7.946 | < 0.001* |
| OSM (mOsm/L) | 284.39 (279 ~ 289.03) | 280.02 (272.05 ~ 286.49) | −0.978 | 0.328 |
| AG (mmol/L) | 19.2 (17.2 ~ 22.15) | 22.97 (19.65 ~ 27.53) | −4.857 | < 0.001* |
| ALT (U/L) | 14 (12 ~ 18.25) | 14 (10 ~ 17.75) | −0.746 | 0.456 |
| PA (mg/L) | 123.93 (99.39 ~ 151) | 93.88 (71.97 ~ 123.7) | −5.748 | < 0.001* |
| ALB (g/L) | 39.76 ± 4.58 | 37.58 ± 5.53 | 2.809 | 0.006* |
| GLO (g/L) | 23.1 (20.08 ~ 26.78) | 22.4 (19.3 ~ 25.95) | −1.594 | 0.111 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.4 (3.77 ~ 5.06) | 4.14 (3.67 ~ 5.24) | −0.267 | 0.789 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.15 (0.96 ~ 1.44) | 1.13 (0.94 ~ 1.36) | −0.769 | 0.442 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.51 (2.06 ~ 2.99) | 2.54 (1.94 ~ 3.11) | −0.594 | 0.553 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.97 (0.69 ~ 1.31) | 1.34 (0.91 ~ 2.19) | −3.724 | < 0.001* |
| HbA1c (%) | 11.42 ± 2.49 | 12.62 ± 2.15 | −3.593 | < 0.001* |
| C-p (ng/ml) | 0.19 (0.09 ~ 0.46) | 0.19 (0 ~ 0.34) | −1.294 | 0.196 |
Abbreviations: β-HB beta-hydroxybutyric acid, ALB albumin, GLO globulin, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein, OSM osmolarity, AG anion gap, PA prealbumin, PG plasma glucose, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, WBC white blood cell count, BMI body mass index, BUN serum urea nitrogen, Cr creatinine, ALT alanine aminotransferase, C-p C-peptide
*P < 0.05 ESS vs. euthyroidism