Table 1.
Theory | Theoretical Constructs | Description of Intervention Essential Elements |
---|---|---|
Behavioral Skills | ||
SCT | Self-Monitoring | • Parents and adolescents monitor their health behaviors, using a tool of their choice. |
SCT | Goal-setting | • Parents and adolescents set specific and measurable long and short term health behavior change goals together. • Parents and adolescents are reinforced for effort towards goals and goals achieved. |
SCT | Self-regulation | • Parents and adolescents review goals and are provided with feedback. • Parents and adolescents identify barriers and supports for health behavior change. • Parents and adolescents revise behavior change contracts and make action plans to achieve goals. |
Positive Parenting | ||
SDT, FST | Communication skills | • Parents use communication strategies to elicit input from adolescents. • Adolescents use communication strategies to elicit social support from parents and peers. • Parents and adolescents use problem-solving skills to set family rules around health behaviors. • Parents use problem-solving skills to navigate adolescent-peer relationships around health behaviors. • Parents and adolescents self-evaluate family communication/climate changes. |
SCT, SDT, FST |
Social support | • Parents provide adolescents with social support for changing health behaviors. • Adolescents elicit social support for health behaviors from their parents and peers. |
SDT, FST | Autonomy support | • Parents seek input from adolescents and negotiate rules and behavior changes together. • Adolescents have choices and are provided with opportunities to provide input. |
Peer Monitoring | ||
FST | Parental monitoring and management of peer relationships | • Parents keep track of adolescent health behaviors. • Parents manage peer relationships around health behaviors through monitoring, supporting, and guiding. |
Adolescent Intrapersonal Variables | ||
SCT | Self-efficacy | • Adolescents feel confident that they can change health behaviors. • Adolescents feel confident communicating about health with their family and friends. • Adolescents have support from family and friends for changing behaviors. |
SDT | Motivation | • Intervention social climate fulfills adolescent autonomy, competence, and belongingness. |
Note. SCT = Social Cognitive Theory; SDT = Self-Determination Theory; FST = Family Systems Theory.