Table 1.

Example of single and mixed surfactants used for the preparation of pesticide nanoemulsion.

Type of Compound	Compound/Name	Conditions	Mean Size (nm)	References
Anionic	Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80)	Mixed with organic phase, stirring at 2400 rpm for 20 min	<100	[24]
	Polysorbate 80 (Tween-80) and sorbitan monooleate (Span 80)	Mixed with organic phase and stirred at 400 rpm for 30 min under controlled temperature, 80 ± 5 °C	Below 500	[25]
	Polysorbate 20	Mixed with organic phase and undergo sonication process	99–170	[26]
	(Tween-20)	Mixed with oil phase at 45 °C	125–334	[27]
	Montanov 82	Mixed with aqueous phase	50–150	[28]
	Polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (TX-10)	Mixed with aqueous phase	200–400	[29]
	Green polyoxyethylene glycerol fatty acid ester or glycereth-17 cocoate	Mixed with organic phase under stirring	41–100	[30]
Nonionic and anionic	Agnique BL1754 (AG54)	Mixed with organic phase, stirring at 400 rpm for 30 min at 40 °C	250	[31]
	Palm oil-based. anionic: methyl ester sulfonate (MES)/Nonionic: polyethylene glycol dioleate (PDO)/and polyethylene glycol monooleate (PMO)	Mixed with oil phase under 1000 rpm for two hours at room temperature	350–480	[32]
	Polyethylene glycol dioleate (nonionic) and toximol (ionic)	Mixing with oil phase, vortexes at room temperature	5–20	[33]