Survival of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection by Manduca sexta injected on days 0,2, and 4 of the fifth instar. Caterpillars were checked hourly for 8 h and then every 4 h for signs of life. Phosphate-buffered saline-injected caterpillars are represented by open symbols, and S. maltophilia-injected caterpillars are represented by filled symbols. Fifth-instar day 0 caterpillars are represented by circles, fifth-instar day 2 caterpillars are represented by squares, and fifth-instar day 4 caterpillars are represented by triangles. Lines with different letters are significantly different from one another (χ2 = 57.691, P < 0.05, Cox regression).