TABLE 3.
Median (25th, 75th percentiles) usual intake, assuming different concentrations of micronutrients added to biscuits, in the presence and absence of large-scale fortification program in women aged 15–49 y in Cameroon1
| Fortification concentration in biscuits2 | In the absence of large-scale fortification | In the presence of large-scale fortification3 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient | South | North | Yaoundé/Doula | South | North | Yaoundé/Doula | |
| Vitamin A, µg RAE/d | |||||||
| Baseline | 769 (642, 888) | 230 (169, 304) | 531 (436, 622) | 772 (602, 952) | 369 (272, 481) | 871 (676, 1064) | |
| 600 µg | 789 (675, 883) | 250 (178, 323.) | 578 (475, 647) | 777 (604, 961) | 381 (278, 500) | 892 (689, 1095) | |
| Folate, µg DFE/d | |||||||
| Baseline | 279 (219, 344) | 351 (279, 430) | 255 (200, 310) | 441 (292, 627) | 556 (385, 771) | 761 (500, 1062) | |
| 300 µg | 288 (227, 348) | 365 (294, 443) | 275 (219, 326) | 445 (296, 632) | 567 (393, 786) | 778 (512, 1086) | |
| Vitamin B-12, µg absorbable B-12/d | |||||||
| Baseline | 3.9 (2.0, 6.7) | 2.4 (2.2, 4.4) | 5.0 (2.7, 8.0) | 3.9 (2.0, 6.9) | 2.4 (1.2, 4.4) | 7.4 (3.5, 12.8) | |
| 2 µg | 4.0 (2.2, 6.7) | 2.6 (1.4, 4.5) | 4.9 (2.5, 8.2) | 4.4 (2.1, 8.2) | 3.0 (1.4, 5.7) | 7.4 (3.5, 12.9) | |
| Zinc, mg absorbable zinc/d | |||||||
| Baseline | 1.2 (0.9, 1.4) | 2.2 (1.8, 2.7) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.0) | 2.7 (2.1, 3.4) | 2.3 (1.6, 2.9) | |
| 8 mg | 1.2 (0.9, 1.4) | 2.2 (1.8, 2.7) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.0) | 2.7 (2.1, 3.5) | 2.3 (1.7, 3.0) | |
| Iron, mg absorbable iron/d | |||||||
| Baseline | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.0) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.7 (0.5, 0.9) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.6) | |
| 15 mg | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.0) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.0) | 0.6 (0.3, 0.8) | |
Median (25th, 75th percentiles) usual intake. Absorbable vitamin B-12, absorbable zinc, and absorbable iron were estimated using published algorithms, as described in detail in the text (41, 43, 50). DFE, dietary folate equivalent; RAE, retinol activity equivalent.
Nutrient fortification concentration is per 100 g biscuits. Baseline indicates total nutrient intakes without added micronutrients in biscuits.
Large-scale fortification concentrations: wheat flour fortification with folic acid (5 mg/kg), vitamin B-12 (0.04 mg/kg), zinc (95 mg/kg), iron (60 mg/kg), and edible oil fortification with vitamin A (12 mg/kg).