Table 1.

Inclusion criteria

PECOS component	Description
Population	Adults (≥18 years old) Diabetes (any type, including mixed or unspecified)
Exposure	Frailty as assessed by any frailty measure
Comparator	People with diabetes not classified as frail
Outcomes	Generic: Mortality Major adverse cardiovascular events Hospital admission Admission to long-term care facility Falls Number of clinic attendances Quality of life Disability/functional status Diabetes specific: HbA1c (cross-sectional association, or longitudinal) Glycaemic variability Hypoglycaemic episodes Diabetic retinopathy (cross-sectional association, or longitudinal) Diabetic nephropathy (cross-sectional association, or longitudinal) Include development of end-stage renal disease Diabetic foot complications (cross-sectional association or longitudinal) Treatment burden (eg, Diabetic Treatment Burden Questionnaire)
Settings	Community (including care home/nursing home) Outpatient clinic Inpatient
Study design	Cross-sectional or longitudinal Cohort
Other exclusions	Conference abstracts, letters, review articles, intervention studies and Grey literature

PECOS, Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcome, Setting and Study design.