Table 1.
Sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics of the women in 2005, 2011 and 2016 EDHS
| Characteristics of women | Percentage distribution for each survey | ||
| EDHS 2005 n=10 721 |
EDHS 2011 n=11 872 |
EDHS 2016 n=10 889 |
|
| Mother’s age (years) | |||
| <20 | 12.26 | 9.33 | 7.81 |
| 20–34 | 62.07 | 66.22 | 67.38 |
| 35–49 | 25.67 | 24.25 | 24.80 |
| Mean±SD | 29.01±6.95 | 29.04±6.63 | 29.23±6.53 |
| Household head | |||
| Male | 89.15 | 51.5 | 86.06 |
| Female | 10.85 | 48.05 | 13.94 |
| Marital status | |||
| Not having partner | 4.56 | 6.07 | 6.25 |
| Had partner | 95.44 | 93.93 | 93.75 |
| Religion | |||
| Orthodox | 42.37 | 38.06 | 34.14 |
| Muslim | 35.00 | 35.49 | 41.50 |
| Protestant | 19.95 | 23.23 | 21.09 |
| Others | 2.68 | 3.22 | 3.26 |
| Women educational level | |||
| Unable to read and write | 79.31 | 69.30 | 66.13 |
| Primary education | 16.53 | 27.5 | 26.67 |
| Secondary education | 3.79 | 2.24 | 4.68 |
| Higher education | 0.38 | 1.42 | 2.52 |
| Husband educational level | |||
| Unable to read and write | 59.03 | 50.60 | 48.57 |
| Primary education | 30.37 | 41.26 | 39.21 |
| Secondary education | 9.58 | 4.95 | 7.65 |
| Higher education | 1.01 | 3.19 | 4.56 |
| Women occupation | |||
| Not working | 71.11 | 47.14 | 55.62 |
| Working | 28.89 | 52.86 | 44.35 |
| Husband occupation | |||
| Not working | 2.00 | 1.33 | 56.93 |
| Working | 98.00 | 98.67 | 43.07 |
| Health institution distance | |||
| Big problem | 74.40 | 75.43 | 60.58 |
| Not a big problem | 25.60 | 24.57 | 39.42 |
| Had ANC | |||
| No | 71.86 | 57.45 | 37.42 |
| Yes | 28.14 | 42.55 | 62.58 |
| Birth order | |||
| 1 | 17.13 | 19.05 | 18.65 |
| 2–4 | 42.90 | 43.62 | 42.80 |
| ≥5+ | 39.97 | 37.33 | 38.55 |
| Parity | |||
| ≤2 | 26.10 | 29.22 | 28.80 |
| 2–5 | 40.05 | 39.67 | 39.67 |
| ≥5+ | 33.85 | 31.11 | 31.53 |
| Wealth index | |||
| Poor | 42.98 | 45.22 | 46.76 |
| Middle | 22.44 | 20.53 | 20.60 |
| Richer | 34.58 | 34.26 | 32.64 |
| Residence | |||
| Urban | 7.09 | 12.87 | 11.14 |
| Rural | 92.91 | 87.13 | 88.86 |
| Region | |||
| Tigray | 6.39 | 6.34 | 6.44 |
| Afar | 0.97 | 1.02 | 1.05 |
| Amhara | 23.99 | 22.37 | 18.74 |
| Oromia | 39.69 | 42.23 | 44.20 |
| Somali | 4.24 | 3.07 | 4.66 |
| Benishangul | 0.78 | 1.18 | 1.11 |
| SNNPR | 21.81 | 21.01 | 20.67 |
| Gambela | 0.27 | 0.34 | 0.24 |
| Harari | 0.19 | 0.24 | 0.24 |
| Addis Ababa | 1.32 | 1.87 | 2.23 |
| Dire Dawa | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.42 |
ANC, antenatal care; EDHS, Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys; SNNPR, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples of Region.