Table 4.

Determinants of prehypertension by sex among rural Ekhlaspur, Bangladesh (n=2422)

Characteristic	Total (n=2422)			Women (n=1271)			Men (n=1151)
	Prevalence of prehypertension (%)	Adjusted PR	95% CI	Prevalence of prehypertension (%)	Adjusted PR	95% CI	Prevalence of prehypertension (%)	Adjusted PR	95% CI
Sex
Men	41.4	Ref.		–	–	–	–	–	–
Women	34.2	0.8	0.8 to 0.9	–	–	–	–	–	–
Age (years)
18–29	27.9	Ref.		26.6	Ref.		29.4	Ref.
30–44	36.9	1.3	1.1 to 1.5	33.5	1.2	0.9 to 1.5	40.8	1.4	1.1 to 1.7
45–59	40.9	1.6	1.3 to 1.9	35.4	1.4	1.1 to 1.9	46.9	1.7	1.4 to 2.2
≥60	54.0	2.3	1.9 to 2.7	50.0	2.3	1.7 to 3.1	57.9	2.3	1.8 to 2.9
Educational status
No education	40.0	Ref.		37.7	Ref.		42.7	Ref.
Primary education	37.3	1.1	0.9 to 1.2	34.5	1.1	0.9 to 1.4	40.6	1.1	0.9 to 1.3
Secondary education	36.4	1.1	0.9 to 1.3	32.9	1.2	0.9 to 1.5	40.9	1.1	0.9 to 1.3
Above secondary education	35.5	1.2	0.9 to 1.4	23.3	0.9	0.6 to 1. 5	41.5	1.2	1.0 to 1.6
Ever tobacco use*
Never	34.4	Ref.		31.5	Ref.		39.1	Ref.
Currently or in the past	42.6	0.9	0.8 to 1.1	40.7	0.9	0.8 to 1.2	43.8	0.9	0.7 to 1.1
Body mass index†
Underweight (≤18.5)	16.9	0.4	0.3 to 0.6	15.5	0.4	0.3 to 0.6	20.6	0.5	0.3 to 0.7
Normal (18.6–25)	37.1	Ref.		32.9	Ref.		40.8	Ref.
Overweight (25.1–30)	59.5	1.7	1.5 to 1.9	56.6	1.7	1.5 to 2.1	66.2	1.5	1.3 to 1.9
Obese (>30)	65.2	1.9	1.5 to 2.7	57.9	2.0	1.3 to 3.1	100.0	1.9	1.6 to 2.3
Blood sugar level
Normal	37.7	Ref.		34.4	Ref.		41.2	Ref.
Hyperglycaemic‡	47.7	1.0	0.7 to 1.4	42.9	0.9	0.6 to 1.5	56.3	1.0	0.7 to 1.5

*Ever tobacco use includes ever smokeless or smoking tobacco use.

†Body mass index calculated by weight in kilogram divided by height in metre squared.

‡Hyperglycaemia was defined as a random capillary blood glucose level greater than or equal to 11.1 mmol/L or self-reported diabetes medication use.

PR, prevalence ratio; Ref, reference.