Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the patients
| Characteristics | Total (n = 1225) | Group 1 (n = 421) | Group 2 (n = 551) | Group 3 (n = 253) | Patients with missing data, n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 63.7 (12.0); 64 (56–72) | 68.9 (10.3); 70 (63–76) | 60.2 (12.0); 62 (53–68) | 62.8 (11.9); 64 (56–71) | 0 |
| Sex (male), n (%) | 819 (66.9) | 215 (51.1) | 438 (79.5) | 166 (65.6) | 3 |
| Dialysis vintage (years)a | 7.8 (7.4); 5.5 (2.2–11.3) | 7.1 (7.1); 5.1 (2.0–9.5) | 8.7 (8.0); 6.3 (2.4–13.3) | 7.1 (6.6); 5.2 (2.2–10.5) | 6 |
| BMI (kg/m2)a | 21.6 (3.6); 21.2 (19.1–23.6) | 21.3 (3.6); 21.1 (18.6–23.0) | 21.9 (3.7); 21.3 (19.2–24.1) | 21.6 (3.4); 21.1 (19.3–23.6) | 129 |
| Primary cause of ESKD, n (%) | 0 | ||||
| Diabetes | 387 (31.6) | 179 (42.5) | 132 (24.0) | 76 (30.0) | |
| Chronic glomerulonephritis | 483 (39.4) | 130 (30.9) | 269 (48.8) | 84 (33.2) | |
| Hypertension | 72 (5.9) | 31 (7.4) | 24 (4.4) | 17 (6.7) | |
| Others | 283 (23.1) | 81 (19.2) | 126 (22.9) | 76 (30.0) | |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | 0 | ||||
| Diabetes | 440 (35.9) | 199 (47.3) | 155 (28.1) | 86 (34.0) | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 317 (25.9) | 126 (29.9) | 122 (22.1) | 69 (27.3) | |
| Pulmonary disease | 28 (2.3) | 12 (2.9) | 9 (1.6) | 7 (2.8) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 73 (6.0) | 36 (8.6) | 26 (4.7) | 11 (4.4) | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 83 (6.8) | 42 (10.0) | 30 (5.4) | 11 (4.4) | |
| Malignancy | 11.2 (9.1) | 43 (10.2) | 46 (8.3) | 23 (9.1) | |
| Laboratory dataa | |||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.7 (1.1); 10.7 (10.0–11.3) | 10.6 (1.1); 10.6 (10.0–11.2) | 10.8 (1.2); 10.8 (10.1–11.4) | 10.8 (1.0); 10.8 (10.1–11.4) | 9 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 10.8 (2.7); 10.7 (8.9–12.7) | 9.6 (2.3); 9.4 (8.2–11.0) | 11.5 (2.7); 11.5 (9.7–13.3) | 11.1 (2.6); 11.0 (9.2–12.9) | 7 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.7 (0.4); 3.7 (3.5–4.0) | 3.6 (0.4); 3.7 (3.4–3.9) | 3.8 (0.3); 3.8 (3.6–4.0) | 3.7 (0.4); 3.7 (3.5–4.0) | 37 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 138.7 (3.2); 139.0 (137.0–141.0) | 138.4 (3.6); 139.0 (136.9–140.2) | 139.0 (2.9); 139.0 (137–141.0) | 138.8 (3.0); 139.0 (137.0–14.01) | 25 |
| Potassium (mEq/L) | 4.8 (0.7); 4.8 (4.3–5.2) | 4.7 (0.7); 4.7 (4.1–5.2) | 4.9 (0.7); 4.8 (4.4–5.3) | 4.8 (0.7); 4.8 (4.3–5.3) | 7 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 8.9 (0.8); 8.9 (8.4–9.4) | 8.9 (0.8); 8.9 (8.5–9.3) | 9.0 (0.8); 8.9 (8.4–9.5) | 8.9 (0.7); 9.0 (8.4–9.4) | 147 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dL) | 5.3 (1.4); 5.1 (4.3–6.1) | 5.1 (1.3); 5 (4.2–5.8) | 5.4 (1.4); 5.2 (4.3–6.2) | 5.3 (1.3); 5.2 (4.5–5.9) | 7 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.4 (1.2); 0.1 (0.05–0.3) | 0.6 (1.8); 0.2 (0.1–0.4) | 0.4 (0.9); 0.1 (0.1–0.3) | 0.3 (0.6); 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 420 |
| SF-12a | |||||
| PCS | 44 (9.0); 45 (37.5–51.9) | 40.5 (9.1); 40.2 (34.1–48.2) | 45.7 (8.5); 47.3 (39.7–52.5) | 45.7 (8.2); 46.9 (39.6–52.4) | 232 |
| MCS | 45.9 (10.4); 45.8 (38.6–54.1) | 44.0 (10.7); 42.9 (36.9–52.1) | 46.9 (10.3); 46.9 (40.1–55.3) | 46.5 (9.7); 46.9 (38.8–54.1) | 232 |
Group 1: patients were driven to their dialysis facility by someone else; Group 2: patients drove to their dialysis facility themselves; Group 3: patients went to their dialysis facility on foot or via public transportation.
a
Mean (SD); median (IQR).