Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of survival and non-survival groups (n = 184)
| Parameter | Total (n = 184) | Survivors (n = 140) | Non-survivors (n = 44) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 42.2 (40.3–44.1) | 42.3 (40.1–44.4) | 41.9 (37.5–46.3) | 0.888 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 131 (71.2) | 99 (70.7) | 32 (72.7) | 0.797 |
| Requirement of inotropes, n (%) | 32 (17.4) | 12 (8.6) | 20 (45.5) | 0.000 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 33 (17.9) | 6 (4.3) | 27 (61.4) | 0.000 |
| Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 114 (61.9) | 79 (56.4) | 35 (79.5) | 0.007 |
| CLS, n (%) | 26 (14.1) | 9 (6.4) | 17 (38.6) | 0.000 |
| Time from snakebite to ASV administration (h)b | 2.00 (1.5–4) | 2.00 (1.62–4.00) | 2.00 (1.00–4.00) | 0.461 |
| Total dose of ASV received (vials)b | 18.33 (16.8–19.9) | 17.6 (15.9–19.3) | 20.8 (17.2–24.3) | 0.081 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days)a | 12.3 (10.9–13.7) | 14.3 (12.6–15.6) | 6.8 (4.1–9.6) | 0.000 |
| Urine output (mL)b | 500 (200–1000) | 550 (200–1100) | 300 (200–575) | 0.033 |
| Urea (mg/dL)b | 70 (37.5–100) | 66 (36–95.2) | 81 (38–114) | 0.124 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL)a | 3.1 (2.7, 3.4) | 3.2 (2.4, 3.9) | 3 (2.6, 3.4) | 0.657 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL)a | 11.9 (11.4–12.3) | 11.8 (11.3–12.3) | 11. 7 (10.8–12.9) | 0.971 |
| Total leucocyte count (cells/mm3)b | 16 280 (12 130–24 850) | 15 800 (11 925–22360) | 21905 (12 222–29 390) | 0.027 |
| Platelet count (cells/mm3)b | 45 000 (20 000–75 000) | 48 500 (21 000–77 250) | 30 140 (16 000–65 000) | 0.117 |
| Prothrombin time (s)b | 21.9 (16.9–38.8) | 21.05 (16.27–34.5) | 32.7 (21.7–44.0) | 0.002 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL)b | 1.25 (0.7–2.0) | 1.15 (0.70–1.97) | 1.3 (0.07–2.70) | 0.250 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)b | 101 (57–184) | 86 (51.25–145) | 180.5 (74.5–298) | 0.000 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L)b | 60 (32.25–93) | 49 (32–88.5) | 87 (43–119) | 0.008 |
| Alkaline phosphatise (IU/L)b | 149.5 (102–196) | 142 (98.5–193.5) | 179 (127.5–216) | 0.017 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL)a | 3.0 (2.9–3.1) | 3.1 (2.9–3.2) | 2.8 (2.4–3.1) | 0.025 |
a
Mean with CIs.
b
Median with IQR.
P< 0.05 taken as significant.