Fig. 1. Scheme illustration of GSH depletion adjuvant for augmenting the PA imaging–guided photothermal immunotherapy of breast cancer.

(A) Preparation of the AHL photothermal liposomes and ML adjuvant. (B) Tumor PTT-induced ICD to stimulate DC maturation and further promote the CD8⁺ T cell infiltration in tumor, inducing abscopal effect and antimetastasis effect of breast cancer. In tumor cells, ML promotes ROS generation and ABTS activation, thus augmenting the PA imaging (PAI)–guided PTT and ICD-mediated immunotherapy. In DCs, ML relieves the immunosuppression by inducing the ROS generation to promote DC maturation and antigen presentation.