Table 2.
Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) targets for net stasis, a 1-log10, and a 2-log10 reduction of colony-forming units
| Stasis | 1-log10 kill | 2-log10 kill | Infection model | Pathogen | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibacterials that showed exposure-dependent killing (PK/PD index: fAUC/MIC) | |||||
| Dalbavancin | 17.6 | 21 | 24.3 | Murine thigh | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| Daptomycin | 16 | 29 | 49.8 | Murine thigh | S. pneumoniae |
| Delafloxacin | 9.3 | 14.3 | n/a | Murine thigh | S. aureus |
| Eravacycline | 28 | 32.6 | n/a | Murine thigh | Escherichia coli |
| Lefamulin | 3.3 | 7 | n/a | Murine thigh | S. pneumoniae |
| MEM-VBTa | 9 | 38 | 220 | Murine thigh | E. coli |
| Omadacycline | n/a | 13.6 | n/a | Murine lung | S. pneumoniae |
| Plazomicin | 4 | 13.3 | 35 | Murine lung | Enterob. spp. |
| Tedizolid | 20 | 34.6 | n/a | Murine lung | MSSA/MRSA |
| Telithromycind | 200 | n/a | n/a | Murine thigh | S. pneumoniaee |
| Tigecyclind | 5.8 | n/a | n/a | Murine thigh | E. coli |
| Antibacterials that showed time-dependent killing (PK/PD index: f%T > MIC) | |||||
| CAZ-AVIb | 40% | 50% | 75% | Murine thigh | P. aeruginosa |
| Ceftaroline | 26% | 33% | 45% | Murine thigh | S. aureus |
| Ertapenemd | 19% | n/a | n/a | Murine thigh | E. coli |
| TOL-TAZc | 26% | 32% | 42% | Murine thigh | Enterob. spp. |
AUC area under the curve, AVI avibactam, CAZ ceftazidime, Enterob. Enterobacteriaceae, f free, MEM meropenem, MIC minimum inhibitory concentration, n/a not available, MSSA methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA methicillin-resistant S. aureus, T time, TAZ tazobactam, TOL ceftolozane, VBT vaborbactam
PK/PD targets of combination drugs referred to afAUCVBT/MICMEM-VBT, bf%T > MICCAZ, and cf%T > MICTOL, dwere not extracted from EPARs but later published articles [34–36], and emacrolide- and fluoroquinolone-resistant strain