Table 2.
IQ of children exposed to a low or high level of estradiol in utero
| Characteristica | Low (n = 102) | High (n = 102) | Mean difference (95% CI) unadjusted | Mean difference (95% CI) adjustedb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VIQ | 101.7 (11.7) | 96.8 (14.3) | − 4.9 (− 8.5 to − 1.3) ** | − 4.5 (− 8.3 to − 0.7) * |
| PIQ | 114.5 (10.4) | 112.3 (11.4) | − 2.1 (− 5.2 to 0.9) | − 2.2 (− 5.3 to 1.0) |
| FIQ | 108.7 (9.9) | 104.8 (12.7) | − 3.9 (− 7.1 to − 0.8) * | − 3.7 (− 7.0 to −0.4) * |
| Verbal Comprehension | 42.1 (7.4) | 38.8 (9.0) | − 3.3 (− 5.6 to − 1.0) ** | − 2.9 (− 5.3 to − 0.5) * |
| Perceptual Organization | 33.3 (5.0) | 32.2 (5.4) | − 1.1 (− 2.5 to 0.3) | − 1.1 (− 2.5 to 0.4) |
| Memory/caution | 36.2 (5.0) | 35.5 (5.2) | − 0.6 (− 2.1 to 0.8) | − 0.8 (− 2.2 to 0.7) |
VIQ, Verbal IQ; PIQ, Performance IQ; FIQ, Full IQ
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01
aData are expressed as the mean (SD) or mean difference (95% confidence interval)
bAdjusted for birth weight, gender of child, maternal education level, paternal education level, and maternal variables (including OHSS, PCOS, ICP, GDM, and PE)