TABLE 3.
Methodological characteristics of studies evaluating outcome of intervention for school refusal.
| Group N = 19 | FU N = 8 | CS N = 24 | Total N = 51 | |
| Measurement method | ||||
| School attendance data | 16 | 3 | 18 | 37 |
| Questionnaire | 16 | 5 | 9 | 30 |
| Rating scale – clinician | 12 | 2 | 4 | 18 |
| Interview – othera | 7 | 6 | 4 | 17 |
| Rating scale – otherb | 6 | 0 | 6 | 12 |
| Interview – diagnostic | 5 | 1 | 2 | 8 |
| Review of medical record | 2 | 3 | 0 | 5 |
| Other | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Diary | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Observation | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Test | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Informants | ||||
| Youth | 17 | 5 | 9 | 31 |
| Parent | 11 | 2 | 9 | 22 |
| Clinician | 13 | 2 | 3 | 18 |
| School personnelc | 4 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
| Time-points | ||||
| Pre-post and follow up | 8 | 0 | 9 | 17 |
| Only follow up | 1 | 8 | 0 | 9 |
| Daily/weekly | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 |
| Not specified | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 |
| Pre-post | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Pre + after certain timed | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
aThese interviews were not clearly for diagnostic purposes and were simply described as a structured or unstructured interview, clinical interview, telephone interview, etcetera. bRater by informant other than clinician (e.g., youth). Teachers or school counselors. dMeasurement at pre-intervention and then another time-point (e.g., after 4 and 8 weeks) which is not post-intervention.