Table 3.
Comparison of acute ischemic stroke patients with COVID-19 infection with acute ischemic stroke patients without COVID-19 infection admitted in the same time frame of March 1, 2020–April 30, 2020, and March 1, 2019–April 30, 2019.
| 1. COVID-AIS group (N = 13) | 2. AIS group 2020 (N = 53) | 3. AIS group 2019 (N = 88) | p-value 1 vs. 2 | p-value 1 vs. 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean) | 61.6 | 63 | 68 | 0.935 | 0.096 |
| Male Sex (%) | 46.1 | 52.8 | 51.1 | 0.569 | 0.597 |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | |||||
| Latino | 46 | 9.5 | 9 | 0.0075 | 0.0036 |
| African American | 31 | 32 | 36 | 0.989 | 0.766 |
| Comorbidities (%) | |||||
| CAD | 15.3 | 15 | 19.3 | 0.664 | 0.738 |
| DM | 69.2 | 24.5 | 38.6 | 0.006 | 0.069 |
| HTN | 69.2 | 52.8 | 75 | 0.549 | 0.522 |
| HLD | 30.7 | 39.6 | 42 | 0.548 | 0.397 |
| CHF | 7.6 | 3.7 | 13.6 | 0.992 | 0.689 |
| Prior ischemic stroke | 0 | 13.2 | 17 | – | – |
| PAD | 15.2 | 0 | 7.9 | – | 0.603 |
| Alcohol/drug abuse | 0 | 11.3 | 6.8 | – | – |
| Tobacco abuse | 0 | 22.6 | 22.7 | – | – |
| Obesity (BMI > 30) | 15.2 | 28.3 | 32.9 | 0.496 | 0.219 |
| Admission NIHSS (median) (IQR) | 16 (4–23) | 8 (3–19) | 7 (2–16) | 0.081 | 0.089 |
| Discharge NIHSS (median) (IQR) | 11 (4–23) | 3 (2–13) | 4 (1–11) | 0.036 | 0.042 |
| Stroke Etiology (%) | |||||
| Cryptogenic and/or ESUS | 53.8 | 47.1 | 30.6 | 0.763 | 0.121 |
| Cryptogenic and/or ESUS + cardio-embolism | 76.9 | 67.9 | 61.3 | 0.519 | 0.244 |
| IV-tPA (%) | 15.3 | 20.7 | 27.2 | 0.435 | 0.178 |
| EVT (%) | 23 | 20.75 | 26.1 | 0.999 | 0.507 |
| Discharge mRS (median) (IQR) | 4 (3–4) | 3 (1–4) | 3 (1–4) | 0.050 | 0.063 |
| Discharge mRS >2 (%) | 76.9% | 47.16 | 40.9 | 0.047 | 0.010 |
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; AIS, Acute ischemic stroke; CAD, coronary artery disease; DM, Diabetes mellitus type 2; HTN, Hypertension; HLD, Hyperlipidemia; CHF, congestive heart failure; PAD, peripheral artery disease; BMI, body mass index; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; ESUS, Embolic stroke of unknown source; IV-tPA, intravenous-tissue plasminogen activator; EVT, Endovascular thrombectomy; mRS, modified Rankin Scale. The bold numerical values indicates statistically significant.