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. 2020 Aug 20;8:895. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00895

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Copyright © 2020 Mendonça da Silva, Erro, Awan, Chalmers, Fuller and Selden.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cell viability in the small-scale fluidized bed bioreactor (sFBB). (A) Cell viabilities of alginate encapsulated HepG2 cells throughout 12 days of culture analyzed for the sFBB and compared to the clinical scale FBB. Data presented are average ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 17 for FBB and n = 7 for sFBB). Statistical analysis assessed by multiple Student’s t-test. ***p < 0.001. (B) Cell bead morphology (phase image) and viability (live cells – FDA, dead cells – PI) images at 10× magnification from days 0 and 12.