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. 2020 Aug 20;11:1955. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01955

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Copyright © 2020 Seidel, Moreno-Velásquez, Ben-Ghazzi, Gago, Read and Bowyer.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Phagolysosome–Plasma membrane dynamics during A. fumigatus escape. (1) Most A. fumigatus conidia are killed by acidification of phagosomes and lysosomal fusion, (2) In some circumstances lysosome recruitment to the phagosome containing A. fumigatus conidia does not inhibit fungal growth and acidification does not occur allowing conidial germination. (3) The PLm continuously extends while surrounding the intracellular growing germling until the PLm contacts the plasma membrane. (4) The PLm and Pm fuse and (5) the host plasma membrane migrates into the phagolysosome membrane facilitating hyphal escape. (6) Hyphae then proceed to penetrate further host cells without rupture of the plasma membrane. LY: lysosome, PL: phagolysosome, PLm; phagolysosome membrane, Pm: plasma membrane.