Table 2.
The assessment of plasma carotenoids levels at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention.
| (A) High Lycopene + High Lutein (HLyHLu Group) (TCH-722 Carrot + TCL-499 Kale) |
(B) High Lycopene + Low Lutein (HLyLLu Group) (TCH-722 Carrot + ‘Shibuki’ Cabbage) |
(C) Low Lycopene + High Lutein (LLyHLu Group) (‘Kinbi’ Carrot + TCL-499 Kale) |
(D) Low Lycopene + Low Lutein (LLyLLu Group) (‘Kinbi’ Carrot + ‘Shibuki’ Cabbage) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 wks | 8 wks | 0 wks | 8 wks | 0 wks | 8 wks | 0 wks | 8 wks | |
| α-carotene (μg/dL) | 5.0 ± 4.93 | 14.1 ± 5.42 ** | 5.2 ± 5.44 | 14.1 ± 5.51 * | 7.1 ± 8.17 | 8.1 ± 7.28 | 5.12 ± 5.11 | 4.02 ± 3.19 |
| β-carotene (μg/dL) | 15.6 ± 14.34 | 52.5 ± 38.37 ** | 10.7 ± 7.99 | 30.3 ± 13.53 ** | 21.0 ± 14.50 | 52.0 ± 32.52 ** | 16.4 ± 6.90 | 26.5 ± 11.02 * |
| Lycopen (μg/dL) | 45.0 ± 28.90 | 74.1 ± 27.28 ** | 35.0 ± 26.42 | 54.7 ± 28.40 | 38.4 ± 28.05 | 47.6 ± 46.21 | 35.5 ± 28.56 | 39.52 ± 42.57 |
| Lutein (μg/dL) | 39.6 ± 11.10 | 66.5 ± 22.64 ** | 33.7 ± 10.34 | 44.1 ± 19.32 | 37.9 ± 7.82 | 69.3 ± 27.34 | 41.3 ± 28.05 | 38.1 ± 26.19 |
All values represent the means (± standard deviation, SD). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. values at baseline.