Table 1.

Subject characteristics

	Control	NAFLD	P Value
n (sex)	7 (5 F)	15 (10 F)	—
Race H/AA/W	1/4/2	3/1/11	—
Age, yr	50 ± 16	57 ± 12	0.24
Weight, kg	86 ± 17	98 ± 14	0.11
BMI, kg/m2	30.0 ± 2.3	34.6 ± 4.5	0.02
Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL	100 ± 12	116 ± 21	0.07
Fasting insulin, µU/ml	18 ± 6	26 ± 22	0.37
BMR, kcal/day	1,402 ± 399	1,643 ± 291	0.16
RER	0.84 ± 0.07	0.87 ± 0.06	0.06
Insulin sensitivity	0.036 ± 0.013	0.021 ± 0.011	0.02
HbA1c, %	5.9 ± 0.9	6.1 ± 0.6	0.53
Liver fat, %	2.4 ± 0.7	20 ± 9	<0.01
Body fat, %	42 ± 5	45 ± 6	0.22
Fat-free mass/height, kg/m	29 ± 6	31 ± 6	0.47
Cholesterol, mg/dL	180 ± 32	170 ± 23	0.40
Triglycerides, mg/dL	115 ± 28	142 ± 48	0.19
Liver panel
ALP, U/L	79 ± 21	69 ± 22	0.34
AST, U/L	23 ± 8	35 ± 23	0.19
ALT, U/L	28 ± 18	40 ± 25	0.30
Total protein, g/dL	6.7 ± 0.5	6.6 ± 0.5	0.71
Albumin, g/dL	4.1 ± 0.3	4.2 ± 0.3	0.72
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	0.39 ± 0.13	0.11 ± 0.12	0.36

Data represent means ± SD. NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; F, female subjects; race: H, Hispanic; AA, African American; W, white; BMI, body mass index; RER, respiratory exchange ratio, V̇o₂/V̇co₂; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase. Insulin sensitivity is reported as glucose uptake normalized to the prevailing insulin concentration during steady-state of the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (mg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹·μU⁻¹·ml⁻¹).