Table 7.
Percentages of children meeting and not meeting European Food Safe Authority (EFSA) recommendations for main fatty acids by cohort and age group Figure 1448 ¥.
| Spanish Reference Cohort (SRS) | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | 1 to <3 Years | 3 to <6 Years | 6 to <10 Years | ||||||||||||||
| n | % BR | % MR | % AR£ | n | % BR | % MR | % AR£ | n | % BR | % MR | % AR£ | n | % BR | % MR | % AR£ | p | |
| Total Fat | 707 | 13.7 | 41.7 | 44.6 | 162 | 42.0 | 35.8 a | 22.2 | 244 | 11.9 | 50.8 b | 37.3 | 301 | 0.0 | 37.5 a | 62.5 | <0.001 |
| Linoleic acid | 707 | 57.4 | 26.4 | 16.1 | 162 | 66.7 | 25.3 | 8.0 | 244 | 56.6 | 27.5 | 16.0 | 301 | 53.2 | 26.2 | 20.6 | NS |
| α-Linolenic acid | 707 | 99.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 162 | 98.8 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 244 | 99.6 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 301 | 98.7 | 1.3 | 0.0 | NS |
| EPA+DHA | 707 | 73.4 | 2.4 | 24.2 | 162 | 73.5 | 1.9 | 24.7 | 244 | 75.0 | 2.0 | 23.0 | 301 | 72.1 | 3.0 | 24.9 | NS |
| Adapted Milk Consumers Cohort (AMS) | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | 1 to <3 Years | 3 to <6 Years | 6 to <10 Years | ||||||||||||||
| n | % BR | % MR | % AR£ | n | % BR | % MR | % AR£ | n | % BR | % MR | % AR£ | n | % BR | % MR | % AR£ | p | |
| Total Fat | 741 | 27.9 * | 37.1 * | 35.0 * | 294 | 56.5 * | 35.0 a | 8.5 * | 262 | 15.6 | 45.0 b | 39.3 | 185 | 0.0 | 29.2 a | 70.8 | <0.001 |
| Linoleic acid | 741 | 64.6 * | 24.4 * | 10.9 * | 294 | 77.9 * | 13.9 a,* | 8.2 | 262 | 53.8 | 32.4 b | 13.7 | 185 | 58.9 | 29.7 b | 11.4 * | <0.001 |
| α-Linolenic acid | 741 | 96.6 * | 2.4 * | 0.9 * | 294 | 93.2 * | 4.8 a | 2.0 | 262 | 99.2 | 0.4 b | 0.4 | 185 | 98.4 | 1.6 a,b | 0.0 | <0.001 |
| EPA+DHA | 741 | 59.2 * | 2.6 * | 38.2 * | 294 | 56.1 * | 4.4 | 39.5 * | 262 | 63.4 * | 1.1 | 35.5 * | 185 | 58.4 * | 1.6 | 40.0 * | NS |
The percentage for inadequacy was calculated by comparing with EFSA recommendations. First column: percentage below recommendations (BR); second column: percentage meeting recommendations MR); third column: percentage above recommendations (AR). DHA, docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6 n-3; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5 n-3; NS, no significance. Results are expressed in percentage (%). ¥ Individual usual intake for two 24 h dietary recalls was used for total fats, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, SFAs, and PUFAs. Average gram intake values from two 24 h dietary recalls were used for EPA+DHA. Chi-square test was used to evaluate differences by total and age group between SRS and AMS (significant differences are marked with an asterisk * in the percentage values of the AMS cohort). Chi-square test analysis was used to calculate differences among age groups within cohorts (significant differences are marked with superscript letters in the value of each age group that is meeting the recommendations). £ The percentages of children above the recommendations do not exceed the tolerable upper intake limit. p-values for this test are included in the last column of the table. p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.