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. 2020 Aug 15;12(8):2455. doi: 10.3390/nu12082455

Table 4.

Predictors of Count, Evenness, and Dissimilarity over time: linear mixed-effects regression models, HANDLS study, 2004–2017.

Variables Count 1 Evenness (HFBI) 2 Dissimilarity 3
Estimate SE p Estimate SE p Estimate SE p
Intercept 0.3963 0.0047 <0.0001 *** 0.1386 0.0029 <0.0001 *** 0.7605 0.0048 <0.0001 ***
Time (Years) 0.0010 0.0007 0.1639 0.0002 0.0005 0.6345 0.0032 0.0008 <0.0001 ***
BLAge 4 0.0052 0.0021 0.0131 * 0.0055 0.0012 <0.0001 *** −0.0072 0.0020 0.0004 ***
Time*BLAge 0.0005 0.0003 0.1688 −0.0003 0.0002 0.1675 0.0004 0.0003 0.2895
Sex (Female) 0.0272 0.0041 <0.0001 *** −0.0009 0.0024 0.7174 0.0081 0.0039 0.0402 *
Time*Sex (Female) 0.0005 0.0007 0.4295 −0.0010 0.0004 0.0094 ** −0.0006 0.0007 0.3932
Race (White) 0.0082 0.0039 0.0377 * −0.0013 0.0023 0.5732 0.0155 0.0038 <0.0001 ***
Time*Race (White) −0.0010 0.0006 0.2532 0.0002 0.0004 0.6110 −0.0022 0.0006 0.0005 ***
Poverty Status (> 125% Poverty)5 0.0163 0.0041 <0.0001 *** 0.0011 0.0024 0.6564 0.0067 0.0039 0.0914
Time*Poverty Status (> 125% Poverty) 0.0000 0.0006 0.9493 −0.0004 0.0004 0.3568 −0.0014 0.0006 0.0325 *
Education (< High school) −0.0307 0.0041 <0.0001 *** −0.0041 0.0025 0.0958 0.0075 0.0041 0.0684
Time*Education (< High school) 0.0009 0.0007 0.2193 0.0004 0.0004 0.3867 0.0001 0.0007 0.8757
Smoking (Not A Current Smoker) 0.0326 0.0038 <0.0001 *** −0.0150 0.0023 <0.0001 *** −0.0044 0.0038 0.2463
Time*Smoking (Not A Current Smoker) −0.0001 0.0006 0.8721 0.0005 0.0004 0.2054 −0.0003 0.0006 0.6402
CenEng 6 0.0421 0.0021 <0.0001 *** −0.0058 0.0012 <0.0001 *** 0.0114 0.0021 <0.0001 ***
Time*CenEng 0.0005 0.0004 0.2027 −0.0010 0.0002 <0.0001 *** 0.0016 0.0004 <0.0001 ***

Abbreviations: HANDLS—Healthy Aging in Neighborhood of Diversity across the Life Span. 1 Based on the consumption of at least one-half of serving equivalent for 21 food groups. 2 HFBI—Healthy Factor Berry-Index based on health factor adjusted by Berry-Index using the formula by Drescher and colleagues [23]. 3 Dissimilarity—Defined by Mahalanobis Distance [41]. 4 BLAge—Baseline Age = (Age–50/10). 5 Poverty Status—Self-reported household income dichotomized into <125% and >125% of the 2004 Health and Human Services poverty guidelines [28]. 6 CenEng—Centered Energy = (Energy−2000)/1000). *p-values significant at < 0.05. ** p-value significant at < 0.01. *** p-value significant at < 0.001.