Table 2.

ABCC11-inhibitory activities of dietary flavonoids.

Class	Tested Food Ingredients	ABCC11-Mediated DHEA-S Transport (% of Control)	p Value †
Flavanonol	Dihydromyricetin	56.9 ± 23.4	0.043
	Taxifolin	43.2 ± 26.0	0.032
Flavone	Apigenin	25.3 ± 12.5	0.005
	Luteolin	0 *	<0.001
	Nobiletin	0 *	<0.001
Flavanone	Hesperetin	5.2 ± 26.9	0.013
	Naringenin	38.4 ± 31.6	0.039
Flavonol	3-Hydroxyflavone	91.7 ± 1.1	0.003
	Fisetin	37.7 ± 1.0	<0.001
	Galangin	63.6 ± 5.9	0.004
	Gossypetin	46.0 ± 8.4	0.004
	Kaempferol	42.8 ± 1.0	<0.001
	Morin	41.5 ± 3.4	<0.001
	Myricetin	0 *	0.002
	Quercetin	34.6 ± 18.3	0.013
	Quercetagetin	0 *	<0.001
Chalcone	Cardamonin	73.4 ± 10.8	0.025
	Isoliquiritigenin	0 *	<0.001
	Naringenin chalcone	12.4 ± 4.2	<0.001
	Phloretin	0.6 ± 3.9	<0.001
	Xanthohumol	19.7 ± 13.6	0.005
Catechins	(+)-Catechin	91.9 ± 5.9	0.071 (NS)
	(−)-Catechin gallate	10.5 ± 6.0	0.001
	(−)-Epicatechin	85.2 ± 24.4	0.202 (NS)
	(−)-Epicatechin gallate	29.8 ± 6.8	0.002
	(−)-Epigallocatechin	83.6 ± 29.0	0.215 (NS)
	(−)-Epigallocatechin gallate	37.5 ± 7.0	0.002
	(+)-Gallocatechin	87.6 ± 27.6	0.259 (NS)
	(−)-Gallocatechin gallate	24.0 ± 2.5	<0.001

Inhibitory effects of each food ingredient (100 μM) on ABCC11-mediated [1,2,6,7-³H(N)]-DHEA-S transport activity were investigated by using plasma membrane vesicles (0.5 mg/mL in the reaction mixture) prepared form ABCC11-expressing or control adenovirus-infected 293A cells. Additionally, major green tea catechins, based on a previous study [19], were tested in this study. Data are expressed as % of vehicle and the mean ± SD; n = 3. *, Values were calculated under 0; †, one-sample t-test (vs. vehicle control as 100%); NS, not significantly different from control (p > 0.05).