Table A1.
Tested plant materials.
| Descriptions in this Study | Common Names | Academic Names | Details of Material * |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arctium lappa root | Burdock root tea | Arctium lappa | Dried root for tea |
| Aspalathus linearis leaves | Rooibos tea leaves | Aspalathus linearis | Dried leaves for tea |
| Barley (Hordeum vulgare) miso | Barley miso | Hordeum vulgare # | Japanese traditional fermented product |
| Citrus aurantiifolia peel | Lime | Citrus aurantiifolia | Peel |
| Citrus depressa peel | Shikuwasa | Citrus depressa | Peel |
| Citrus junos peel | Yuzu | Citrus junos | Peel |
| Citrus maxima peel | Pomelo | Citrus maxima | Peel |
| Citrus maxima placenta | Pomelo | Citrus maxima | Inner white and soft tissue layer |
| Citrus natsudaidai peel | Suruga elegant | Citrus natsudaidai | Peel |
| Citrus reticulata var poonensis peel | Ponkan | Citrus reticulata var. poonensis | Peel |
| Citrus sinensis peel | Blood orange | Citrus sinensis | Peel |
| Citrus sphaerocarpa peel | Kabosu | Citrus sphaerocarpa | Peel |
| Citrus sudachi peel | Sudachi | Citrus sudachi | Peel |
| (Citrus unshiu × Citrus sinensis) × Citrus reticulata peel | Siranuhi (Dekopon) | (Citrus unshiu × Citrus sinensis) × Citrus reticulata | Peel |
| Citrus × Paradisi peel | Grapefruit | Citrus × Paradisi | Peel |
| Citrus × Tangelo peel | Mineola orange (Tangelo) | Citrus × Tangelo | Peel |
| Commercially available lemon juice A | Not available | Not available | Commercially available product ‡ |
| Commercially available lemon juice B | Not available | Not available | Commercially available product ‡ |
| Commercially available lemon juice C | Not available | Not available | Commercially available product ‡ |
| Ditrus sinensis Osbeck var. brasiliensis Tanaka peel | Navel orange | Ditrus sinensis Osbeck var. brasiliensis Tanaka | Peel |
| Fortunella peel | Kumquat | Fortunella | Peel |
| Glycine max | Soybeans(yellow soybean) | Glycine max | Dried product |
| Hidenmame (Glycine max) | Soybeans(green soybean) | Glycine max | Dried product |
| Humulus lupulus L. cone | Hop | Humulus lupulus L. | Frozen hop cone |
| Ilex paraguariensis leaves (roasted) | Yerba mate tea leaves | Ilex paraguariensis | Dried and roasted leaves for tea |
| Jasminum polyanthum leaves | Jasmine tea leaves | Jasminum polyanthum | Dried leaves for tea |
| Matricaria recutita | Chamomile | Matricaria recutita | Dried herb product |
| Prunus domestica extract | Prune extract | Prunus domestica | Product of prune pulp extract ‡ |
| Prunus domestica pulp | Prune | Prunus domestica | Product of prune pulp without seed |
| Psidium guajava leaves (from China) | Guava tea leaves | Psidium guajava | Dried leaves for tea cultivated in China |
| Psidium guajava leaves (from Japan) | Guava tea leaves | Psidium guajava | Dried leaves for tea cultivated in Japan |
| Rice (Oryza sativa) miso | Rice miso | Oryza sativa # | Japanese traditional fermented product |
| Smallanthus sonchifolius tea powder | Yacon tea powder | Smallanthus sonchifolius | Dried product |
| Soybean (Glycine max) miso | Soybean miso | Glycine max # | Japanese traditional fermented product |
*, Unless otherwise indicated, fresh materials were used; #, academic name of main material of miso product; ‡, after defatting via liquid-liquid partition with an equal volume of ethyl acetate, the obtained water phase of each juice or extract was subjected to lyophilization.