Table 3.
Tabulated summary of yield-point shear stresses (τy), crossover moduli (Gc), and percentage relative standard deviation (%RSD) for the dietary fibre preparations in distilled water, and simulated digestion with gastric fluid at pH 4 and gastric fluid at pH 2.
| Dietary Fibre (Name) |
Sample Concentration (mg/mL) a |
Rheological Condition (pH; time point) b | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distilled Water (pH 7; 30 min) |
Simulated Digestion (pH 4; 30 min) | Simulated Digestion (pH 2; 30 min) | Simulated Digestion (pH 4; 60 min) |
Simulated Digestion (pH 2; 60 min) |
|||||||
| τy (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
Gc (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
τy (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
Gc (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
τy (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
Gc (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
τy (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
Gc (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
τy (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
Gc (Pa) ± (%RSD) |
||
| Guar gum | 50.0 | 994.51 (4.56) | 1573.43 (5.46) | 1011.12 (6.01) | 796.77 (4.31) | 946.93 (2.14) | 810.08 (9.31) | 1057.50 (3.02) | 872.16 (7.47) | 975.59 (5.91) | 807.69 (7.28) |
| Iota-carrageenan | 50.0 | 700.08 (4.30) | 819.82 (2.18) | 758.00 (0.95) |
2050.50 (7.79) |
1232.03 (4.16) | 782.68 (8.07) | 921.82 (1.85) |
1480.77 (9.95) |
1068.17 (7.18) | 528.68 (5.28) |
| Xanthan gum | 50.0 | 156.89 (7.16) |
114.16 (7.48) |
160.99 (6.63) |
125.16 (9.63) |
180.37 (3.94) |
129.33 (4.41) |
174.83 (1.47) |
139.27 (11.63) |
183.16 (9.40) |
128.65 (11.64) |
| Psyllium husk | 50.0 | 56.31 (6.78) |
134.31 (3.12) |
51.38 (9.49) |
117.06 (4.04) |
80.85 (4.19) |
119.94 (0.88) |
62.70 (9.90) |
116.84 (3.11) |
104.49 (10.24) |
123.44 (1.66) |
| Citrus pectin | 200.0 | 3049.43 (5.36) |
2043.93 (6.72) |
2848.50 (8.41) |
2234.63 (1.99) |
2996.10 (9.38) |
2036.47 (6.30) |
2725.07 (12.81) |
1578.80 (1.97) |
2911.83 (3.50) |
1743.17 (8.00) |
| Beta-glucan | 200.0 | 544.58 (6.08) |
2938.67 (1.22) |
454.57 (3.41) |
2653.37 (2.88) |
419.02 (7.57) |
2427.70 (9.47) |
614.19 (3.88) |
2952.63 (1.11) |
545.38 (5.28) |
2784.37 (6.67) |
| Apple-fibre pectin | 200.0 | 23.27 (8.49) |
343.67 (11.80) |
19.29 (2.53) |
226.21 (11.16) |
22.99 (4.88) |
295.24 (5.07) |
39.27 (6.56) |
451.10 (9.76) |
36.51 (2.13) |
385.13 (10.23) |
| Inulin | 1000.0 | 47.36 (4.64) |
98.01 (9.52) |
103.87 (7.40) |
151.04 (9.14) |
105.15 (6.37) |
143.09 (8.68) |
123.48 (0.94) |
222.70 (1.07) |
126.41 (4.22) |
197.24 (1.03) |
| Gum Arabic | 1000.0 | 31.76 (7.94) |
794.02 (6.41) |
36.09 (5.39) |
805.88 (2.53) |
33.83 (4.36) |
815.66 (4.55) |
35.66 (8.82) |
784.39 (8.11) |
31.15 (8.08) |
893.63 (5.75) |
| Partially hydrolysed guar gum (PHGG) | 1000.0 | 20.01 (7.52) |
1460.33 (3.79) |
21.99 (9.00) |
1504.47 (4.17) |
20.55 (8.78) |
1699.07 (2.86) |
23.51 (4.28) |
1522.40 (3.29) |
21.22 (2.30) |
1904.53 (10.41) |
a Fibre concentration in solution was increased when no crossover modulus (Gc) was observed in the 0.08–3901.01 Pa shear stress (τ) acquisition range; b Measurements taken at each condition with n = 3 replicates for yield shear stress (τy) and crossover modulus (Gc) in Pa with ± %RSD at the yield point (sol-gel transition point).