Table 4.
Multivariate-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for the risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes combined according to sugared coffee consumption.
| Non-Sugared-Coffee Consumers 1 | Sugared-Coffee Consumers | p for Trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 Cup/Day | 1 to <2 Cups/Day | ≥2 Cups/Day | |||
| Men and women combined | 0.005 | ||||
| Case/total | 834/1139 | 644/892 | 749/986 | 721/1037 | |
| ORs (95% CIs) 2 | Reference | 0.84 (0.68, 1.03) | 1.11 (0.90, 1.35) | 0.73 (0.60, 0.89) | |
| Men | 0.015 | ||||
| Case/total | 310/399 | 335/442 | 357/425 | 465/638 | |
| ORs (95% CIs) 2 | Reference | 0.83 (0.59, 1.15) | 1.45 (1.01, 2.08) | 0.71 (0.52, 0.97) | |
| Women | 0.080 | ||||
| Case/total | 524/740 | 309/450 | 392/561 | 256/399 | |
| ORs (95% CIs) 2 | Reference | 0.84 (0.64, 1.09) | 0.96 (0.75, 1.23) | 0.75 (0.57, 0.99) | |
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval. 1 For sugared-coffee consumers, non-coffee consumers and black-coffee consumers combined were regarded as reference group; 2 the ORs (95% CIs) were adjusted for age (years, continuous), sex (for men and women combined), body mass index (BMI, <23, 23 to <25, 25 to <30 and ≥30 kg/m2), smoking status (never smokers, ≤10, 10.1 to ≤20, 20.1 to ≤30 and >30 pack-years), alcohol consumption (non-drinkers, ≤5, 5.1 to ≤10, 10.1 to ≤20 and >20 g/day), family history of type 2 diabetes (yes or no), and total energy intake (kcal/day, continuous).