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. 2020 Aug 9;12(8):2380. doi: 10.3390/nu12082380

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of B. coagulans spores, PSCF and synbiotic on immune markers in serum. Protein levels of cytokines including (A) IL-1α, (B) IL-1β, (C) IL-6, (D) IL-10, (E) IL-12, (F) IL-17, (G) GM-CSF, (H) IFN-γ, (I) MIP-1α and (J) MIP-1β and (K) TNF-α in serum were analysed by Bio-plex. CRP levels in serum (L) measured by ELISA. Statistical significance among groups evaluated by one-way ANOVA. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ns = non-significant vs. Winnie-control and data expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3 per group).

Effect of B. coagulans spores, PSCF and synbiotic on immune markers in serum. Protein levels of cytokines including (A) IL-1α, (B) IL-1β, (C) IL-6, (D) IL-10, (E) IL-12, (F) IL-17, (G) GM-CSF, (H) IFN-γ, (I) MIP-1α and (J) MIP-1β and (K) TNF-α in serum were analysed by Bio-plex. CRP levels in serum (L) measured by ELISA. Statistical significance among groups evaluated by one-way ANOVA. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ns = non-significant vs. Winnie-control and data expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3 per group).