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. 2020 Aug 4;11(8):502. doi: 10.3390/insects11080502

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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(a) Y-tube behavioural assays set-up. The filter papers were loaded with hexane (control) or the stimulus; Results of vertical Y-tube bioassays testing the attraction of unfed adult female I. scapularis to (b) butyric acid (BTA, 10 μg/μL) and to (c) the binary mixture of BTA and phenethyl alcohol (BTA 10 μg/μL + PEA 10 μg/μL) (N = 16). Hexane was used as control. No-choice bar represents the number of non-responders. The percentage of ticks choosing the treatment arm was compared to 50% (null expectation) using a binomial test; * = p < 0.05, ns = not significant (p > 0.05).