TABLE 1.
Characteristics of pregnant and nonpregnant marijuana users
| Pregnant (n = 4971) | Nonpregnant (n = 88,402) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Past-month users % (95% CI) (n = 265) | Past 2–12 month usersa % (95% CI) (n = 520) | Nonusers in past year % (95% CI) (n = 4186) | Past-month users % (95% CI) (n = 9514) | Past 2–12 month users % (95% CI) (n = 7635) | Nonusers in past year % (95% CI) (n = 71,253) |
| Age, y | ||||||
| 18–25 | 66.7 (55.4–76.4) | 65.2 (56.7–72.7) | 35.0 (32.8–37.2) | 54.8 (53.0–56.6) | 53.1 (51.3–54.8) | 25.6 (25.1–26.1) |
| 26–34 | 29.1 (20.0–40.2) | 25.6 (18.8–33.7) | 52.3 (49.7–54.9) | 27.4 (25.6–29.3) | 28.2 (26.6–29.9) | 32.5 (31.9–33.2) |
| 35–44 | 4.2 (0.9–16.7) | 9.2 (4.9–16.6) | 12.7 (11.3–14.4) | 17.8 (16.3–19.4) | 18.7 (17.0–20.5) | 41.9 (41.2–42.6) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 55.1 (44.6–65.2) | 55.9 (49.1–62.4) | 59.5 (57.1–61.8) | 67.9 (66.3–69.4) | 68.1 (66.6–69.6) | 59.0 (58.4–59.7) |
| Non-Hispanic African American | 29.4 (20.7–39.9) | 19.9 (15.1–25.8) | 12.6 (11.2–14.1) | 15.5 (14.1–17.0) | 12.9 (11.8–14.2) | 13.8 (13.4–14.2) |
| Hispanic | 13.1 (7.3–22.1) | 16.6 (11.6–23.2) | 19.5 (17.5–21.5) | 11.6 (10.5–12.8) | 13.0 (11.8–14.3) | 18.7 (18.1–19.2) |
| Other | 2.5 (1.6–3.9) | 7.5 (4.7–12.0) | 8.5 (7.0–10.3) | 5.0 (4.5–5.6) | 6.0 (5.1–7.0) | 8.5 (8.1–9.0) |
| Education | ||||||
| Less than high school | 22.3 (16.1–29.9) | 19.8 (15.4–25.0) | 15.3 (14.1–16.6) | 14.5 (13.4–15.8) | 26.1 (24.3–28.0) | 12.6 (12.2–13.0) |
| High school | 39.9 (29.6–51.2) | 40.7 (35.4–46.2) | 25.7 (23.7–27.7) | 30.1 (28.7–31.5) | 35.7 (33.7–37.8) | 26.6 (26.1–27.1) |
| Some college | 27.1 (17.7–39.1) | 25.3 (20.3–31.0) | 24.9 (23.0–27.1) | 35.6 (34.1–37.1) | 27.2 (25.7–28.8) | 29.6 (29.0–30.2) |
| College or more | 10.7 (4.4–23.8) | 14.3 (9.8–20.4) | 34.0 (31.4–36.8) | 19.8 (18.4–21.3) | 11.0 (9.8–12.3) | 31.2 (30.6–31.8) |
| Employment | ||||||
| Full time | 35.7 (26.5–46.2) | 35.1 (29.6–41.0) | 41.8 (39.4–44.3) | 42.2 (40.6–43.9) | 46.1 (44.0–48.2) | 51.1 (50.5–51.8) |
| Part time | 20.6 (14.2–29.1) | 20.4 (15.5–26.2) | 17.1 (14.9–19.6) | 27.6 (26.1–29.2) | 26.3 (24.7–28.0) | 19.9 (19.5–20.4) |
| Other | 27.0 (19.6–36.0) | 30.0 (23.7–37.1) | 35.6 (33.3–38.0) | 19.8 (18.6–21.0) | 17.6 (16.1–19.1) | 22.9 (22.4–23.3) |
| Unemployed | 16.6 (11.1–24.1) | 14.6 (9.8–21.0) | 5.5 (4.6–6.5) | 10.4 (9.5–11.4) | 10.1 (8.8–11.5) | 6.1 (5.8–6.4) |
| Income | ||||||
| ≥$75,000 | 12.0 (7.0–19.7) | 10.4 (7.4–14.4) | 30.6 (28.3–33.1) | 19.9 (18.3–21.6) | 24.1 (22.3–26.0) | 29.4 (28.7–30.2) |
| $50,000–74,999 | 13.2 (6.8–24.1) | 14.5 (10.0–20.6) | 17.9 (16.2–19.7) | 13.8 (12.6–15.2) | 14.7 (13.5–16.1) | 17.7 (17.2–18.1) |
| $20,000–49,999 | 34.2 (25.1–44.5) | 39.7 (33.4–46.5) | 30.2 (27.8–32.7) | 33.5 (31.9–35.1) | 33.5 (31.9–35.2) | 32.3 (31.8–32.9) |
| <$20,000 | 40.7 (31.4–50.7) | 35.4 (29.5–41.7) | 21.3 (19.4–23.4) | 32.8 (31.0–34.6) | 27.7 (26.3–29.2) | 20.6 (20.1–21.2) |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 19.2 (11.7–29.8) | 22.1 (16.3–29.3) | 66.1 (63.8–68.3) | 18.6 (17.1–20.1) | 20.0 (18.2–21.8) | 49.9 (49.2–50.6) |
| Divorced, separated or widowed | 10.4 (4.4–22.7) | 13.8 (9.5–19.7) | 5.9 (5.0–7.0) | 10.4 (9.3–11.6) | 10.6 (9.2–12.2) | 12.1 (11.7–12.6) |
| Never married | 70.4 (58.2–80.3) | 64.1 (57.2–70.5) | 27.9 (26.0–30.1) | 71.1 (69.4–72.7) | 69.4 (67.6–71.1) | 38.0 (37.3–38.6) |
| Health insurance | ||||||
| Uninsured | 23.9 (15.3–35.3) | 8.1 (5.4–12.0) | 10.1 (8.7–11.8) | 25.1 (23.7–26.5) | 21.4 (19.9–22.9) | 20.0 (19.5–20.6) |
| Public | 44.3 (35.4–53.6) | 58.4 (52.2–64.3) | 34.9 (32.9–36.9) | 20.7 (19.4–22.1) | 16.9 (15.4–18.4) | 16.1 (15.6–16.6) |
| Private | 31.8 (22.0–43.6) | 33.6 (27.6–40.1) | 55.0 (52.6–57.4) | 54.2 (52.6–55.8) | 61.8 (59.6–63.9) | 63.9 (63.2–64.6) |
| Tobacco smoking in past year | ||||||
| Smoker in past mo | 60.0 (50.0–69.3) | 35.9 (30.3–42.1) | 11.8 (10.4–13.2) | 66.0 (64.2–67.7) | 48.1 (46.3–50.0) | 22.8 (22.4–23.2) |
| Smoker in past 2–12 mos | 17.3 (11.2–25.7) | 32.1 (26.1–38.6) | 10.2 (8.9–11.7) | 8.1 (7.3–9.0) | 12.6 (11.6–13.8) | 4.1 (3.9–4.4) |
| Nonsmoker | 22.7 (15.4–32.2) | 32.0 (25.6–39.2) | 78.0 (76.2e80.0) | 26.0 (24.4–27.6) | 39.2 (37.4–41.1) | 73.1 (72.6–73.5) |
| Alcohol use in past monthb | ||||||
| Heavy use | 7.2 (3.7–13.5) | 2.2 (0.9–5.4) | 0.3 (0.1–0.7) | 22.4 (21.0–23.9) | 15.6 (14.3–17.1) | 3.4 (3.2–3.7) |
| Binge but not heavy | 16.9 (10.3–26.5) | 6.8 (3.7–12.1) | 1.6 (1.2–2.3) | 39.1 (37.4–40.7) | 37.4 (35.3–39.4) | 17.3 (16.9–17.6) |
| Use but not binge or heavy | 16.6 (10.3–25.7) | 11.3 (7.5–16.8) | 5.3 (4.3–6.4) | 25.4 (23.9–26.9) | 29.3 (27.5–31.1) | 33.4 (32.8–34.0) |
| Did not use | 59.2 (49.0–68.7) | 79.7 (73.0–85.1) | 92.8 (91.5–93.9) | 13.2 (12.1–14.4) | 17.7 (16.3–19.1) | 45.9 (45.3–46.6) |
| Other illicit drug use in past yearc | ||||||
| User in past month | 17.2 (9.7–28.6) | 3.8 (2.2–6.6) | 0.8 (0.4–1.3) | 24.7 (23.2–26.1) | 10.7 (9.6–11.8) | 2.1 (2.0–2.3) |
| User in past 2–12 months | 36.2 (26.0–47.8) | 22.8 (18.0–28.6) | 3.8 (3.0–4.7) | 22.9 (21.7–24.2) | 19.2 (17.8–20.6) | 3.8 (3.5–4.0) |
| Nonuser | 46.6 (36.6–57.0) | 73.4 (67.2–78.6) | 95.5 (94.5–96.3) | 52.5 (50.9–54.0) | 70.2 (68.6–71.7) | 94.1 (93.8–94.4) |
National Survey of Drug Use and Health, 2007–2012 (N = 93,373).
CI, confidence interval.
a
Past 2–12 month use defined as use in the past year but not in the past month;
b
Binge alcohol use is defined as drinking ≥5 drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days; heavy alcohol use is defined as drinking ≥5 drinks on the same occasion on each of ≥5 days in the past 30 days (all heavy alcohol users are also binge alcohol users);
c
Other illicit drugs include hallucinogens, heroin, cocaine, inhalants, and any psychotherapeutic agents.
Ko. Prevalence and patterns of marijuana use. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015.