Table 3.
Starting Early Program Impacts on Maternal Infant Feeding Practices and Knowledge at 10 Months
| Maternal infant feeding practices (n = 412) | Group, n (%) |
p | AORa | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 210) | Intervention (n = 202) | ||||
| Breastfeeding at 10 months | |||||
| Any breast milk at 10 months | 114 (54.3) | 122 (60.4) | 0.23 | 1.20 | 0.81–1.80 |
| Breast milk as the only milk source at 10 months | 48 (22.9) | 67 (33.2) | 0.02* | 1.65 | 1.06–2.58 |
| Other feeding at 10 months | |||||
| Introduced juice (ever) | 155 (73.8) | 126 (62.4) | 0.02* | 0.60 | 0.39–0.92 |
| Ever given juice in the bottle | 77 (36.7) | 46 (22.8) | 0.003* | 0.51 | 0.33–0.79 |
| Ever given water in the bottle | 140 (66.7) | 114 (56.4) | 0.03* | 0.65 | 0.43–0.97 |
| Ever given cereal in the bottle | 38 (18.1) | 20 (10.0) | 0.02* | 0.54 | 0.30–0.97 |
| Self-feeding | 194 (92.4) | 179 (88.6) | 0.24 | 0.61 | 0.31–1.21 |
| Family meals daily | 147 (70.0) | 165 (81.7) | 0.006* | 1.91 | 1.19–3.05 |
| Fruit consumption daily | 173 (82.4) | 164 (81.2) | 0.80 | 0.94 | 0.57–1.56 |
| Vegetable consumption daily | 141 (67.1) | 134 (66.3) | 0.92 | 0.99 | 0.66–1.50 |
| Individual knowledge questions (n = 410) | Correct answer, n (%) |
p | AORa | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 209) | Intervention (n = 201) | ||||
| Baby food from a jar is better than homemade baby foodb |
200 (95.7) |
193 (96.0) |
1.00 |
1.13 |
0.42–3.06 |
| Fruits and vegetables should be given to babies at almost every meal or snack |
193 (92.8) |
185 (92.0) |
0.85 |
0.88 |
0.42–1.84 |
| Breast milk or formula is still a baby's main drink at 9 months |
174 (83.3) |
184 (91.5) |
0.01* |
2.10 |
1.13–3.91 |
| Babies should not eat meals with the rest of the familyb |
200 (95.7) |
189 (94.0) |
0.51 |
0.76 |
0.31–1.89 |
| Babies need juiceb |
134 (64.1) |
154 (76.6) |
0.007* |
1.93 |
1.23–3.03 |
| 10-month-old babies can drink from a cup |
174 (83.3) |
176 (87.6) |
0.26 |
1.37 |
0.78–2.40 |
| You should talk to your baby during mealtime |
192 (91.9) |
179 (89.1) |
0.40 |
0.72 |
0.37–1.41 |
| Babies can begin to feed themselves around 9 months |
164 (78.5) |
160 (79.6) |
0.81 |
1.06 |
0.65–1.71 |
| High knowledge score | 65 (31.3) | 85 (42.3) | 0.02* | 1.63 | 1.08–2.46 |
| Mean (SD) | p | B (SE)a | 95% CI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total knowledge score | 6.86 (1.0) | 7.06 (1.1) | 0.046* | 0.20 (0.10) | 0.001–0.40 |
a
Models adjusted for maternal education, obesity, marital status, first child, child sex.
b
Statements in which the correct response was “false.”
*
Significant with p < 0.05.
AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.